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摘要：如今铁路在中国的发展已经越来越迅速，然而在发展的同时，铁路安全也是不容忽视的一个环节，最重要的就是铁路沿线的气候环境对铁路列车运行所造成的恶劣后果。我国地域广阔，各地气候不尽相同，所以我们必须利用气象监控系统来检测气候环境，及时反馈并预防与未然。目前气象监测在我国铁路方面才刚刚起步，但随着铁路的告诉发展，气象监测发展的跟进也是必不可少的一环。为了列车安全出行，设计出一个气象监测系统是很必要的。其为调度部门提供实时准确的信息，有效的降低事故率。34471
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本论文对于铁路安全的标准，设计一种稳定高，误差率低的气象监测系统。其监测的对象为铁路沿线的风速和雨量，这两大因素在一些事故中起着非常致命的威胁。在本次设计中我们研究的方面：气象监测系统的总体设计、硬件的设计、传感器的选型、软件的设计以及在这里我们是通过proteus仿真来验证设计的可行性，所以还有软件编写与操作，C语言的程序设计，从而实现与proteus的联调从而进行仿真。
因为本设计采用的是仿真，且采用的传感器输出的都为开关量，所以省去了A/D转换和信号放大的步骤，以最简单的方式来设计出该监测系统。
最后在仿真时，通过不断的调试，缩小误差率，并把仿真图和结果呈现出来。
毕业论文关键字： 铁路；安全；检测系统；仿真
Railway wind speed, rainfall data collection and transmission system design
Today, the development of railways in China has been growing rapidly, but in the development of adverse consequences, the railway safety aspect can not be ignored, the most important thing is the climate of railway train operation caused. Our vast, the climate is different, so we must take advantage of the meteorological monitoring system to detect climate, timely feedback and Prevention and the first place. Currently our meteorological monitoring in railways has just started, but with the development of the railway told to follow up on the development of meteorological monitoring is an indispensable part. To train safe travel, design a weather monitoring system is necessary. It provides real-time and accurate information for the scheduling department, effectively reduce the accident rate.
In this paper, for railway safety standards, the design of a stable high, low error rate of meteorological monitoring system. The object of its monitoring of the wind speed and rainfall along the railway line, these two factors play a very lethal threat in some accident. In this design aspect of our research: general meteorological monitoring system design, hardware
design, selection of the sensor, the software design and here we are by proteus simulation to verify the feasibility of the design, so there is software to prepare and operating procedures, C language is designed to use with the FBI thus proteus simulation.
Because this design uses a simulation, not a physical, solid eliminates A / D conversion and signal amplification step, in the most simple way to present to effect everyone in this detection system.
Finally, simulation, continue to debug, to reduce the error rate, and the simulation results are presented in graphs and everyone's eyes.
Key word：railway;security;Detection Systems;Simulation
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1 课题的目的与意义 1
1.2 国内外的研究现状 1
1.3 发展趋势 2
2铁路沿线风速、温湿度采集方法的总体设计 3
2.1 系统的要求及技术指标 3
2.2 系统总体设计 3
3系统硬件设计 5
3.1 单片机型号 5
3.1.1 管脚说明 5