摘要:甲醇是一种无色，有毒，有易燃性质的液体，有酒精的气。它是一种重要的有机化工原料，也是十分棒的燃料。现代社会使用甲醇主要用在乙酸，甲醛等有机产品的制造中，在医药，农药这一方面也站着十分重要的地位。作为燃料，甲醇现在也开始逐渐可以代替汽油。要得到甲醇，常见的方法就是合成出来，化学合成反应是：2H2 + CO→CH3OH。要得到甲醇，其实有许多不同种类的原产品可以供我们选择，固体方面我们常用的就是像煤、焦炭这种，液体的原料方面常用的有原油，气体原料气方面常用的就是天然气。在反应中，这些原料产生气体，气体经过一系列变换，再通过净化这个步骤，除去二氧化碳和其它杂质，得到我们需求的合成气，即一氧化碳和氢气混合物。在不同的催化剂的条件下，就要使用不同的工艺条件。单独生产甲醇或者与合成氨联产甲醇。把得到的粗甲醇，经初步的精馏出去甲醚，随后再精馏得到成品甲醇。57623

毕业论文关键词：甲醇工艺；原料气变换；力控组态软件

Methanol feedstock gas conversion system automation design

Abstract: Methanol is a colorless, toxic, flammable nature of the liquid, there is the smell of alcohol. It is an important organic chemical raw materials, is also very good fuel rods. Modern society methanol is mainly used in the manufacture of acetic acid, formaldehyde and other organic products in the pharmaceutical, pesticide that also stand a very important position. As a fuel, methanol can now also began to replace gasoline. To obtain methanol, a common approach is synthesized, chemical synthesis reaction is: 2H2+CO→CH3OH. To obtain methanol, in fact, there are many different kinds of original products for us to choose, we used solid aspect is like coal, coke such raw materials commonly employed liquid crude oil, the raw material gas gas gas is commonly employed. In the reaction, the feedstock gases, gas passes through a series of transformations, and through this purification step to remove carbon dioxide and other impurities, our needs syngas, i.e. a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Under the conditions of different catalysts, it is necessary to use a different process conditions. Alone or in the production of methanol and ammonia co-production of methanol. The crude methanol obtained preliminary distillation out of ether, followed by distillation to be finished as methanol.

Key words: Methanol process；Raw gas shift；Configuration software

目  录                                      

引言1

1  概述2

  1.1  甲醇的概述2

1.1.1  甲醇的性质2

1.1.2  甲醇的用途2

1.1.3  甲醇的生产工艺及其发展现状2

1.1.4  甲醇的生产原料3

  1.2  设计的目的和意义4

  1.3  工艺设计4

    1.3.1  设计的指导思想4

1.3.2  设计的范围5

2  工艺流程设计6

  2.1  合成甲醇的整体工艺路线的选择6

  2.2  煤制甲醇的流程6

  2.3  煤的气化7

    2.3.1  气化的工艺选择7

    2.3.2  煤气化的净化工艺7

  2.4  甲醇的精馏8

3  甲醇原料气变换系统10

  3.1  变换反应的温度10

  3.2  变换反应压力11

  3.3  最终变换率11

  3.4  汽气比11

  3.5 催化剂粒度12

4  PLC应用技术及力控组态软件的应用13

  4.1  S7-200PLC13

    4.1.1  S7-200PLC的组成13