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摘要：随着社会的发展和科技的进步，自动门开始进入人们的日常生活，成为地铁、宾馆、超市和银行等现代建筑所必备之物，是建筑智能化水平的重要指标之一。它具有美观大方、防风防尘、降噪等优点，同时方便了管理，增强了安全。
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控制系统是自动门的心脏，也是衡量其设计制造水平的重要指标。 本文设计一个基于单片机的地铁自动门控制系统。该系统以AT89C51单片机为控制单元，用它来控制步进电机和热释电红外传感器等，其中步进电机为门驱动装置，而热释电红外传感器为感应器。当红外传感器模块探测到有人进入时，将脉冲信号传给BISS0001模块，该模块处理信息后发送给单片机一个高低电平信号，单片机通过程序运行来处理信息后，通过ULN2003A驱动电路进行信号处理，从而控制步进电机模块，让电机正转或者反转运行，同时监控马达转数，以便控制电机在一定的时候快速运行和慢行运行。同时，单片机给状态显示模块一个信号，将步进电机的运行状态显示给乘客看，让乘客了解自动门的运行状态以提供方便。该系统充分发挥了单片机的性能，其硬件电路简单，软件功能完善，控制性能可靠，性价比较高等特点，具有一定的使用和参考价值。8183
关键词：AT89C51；热释电红外线传感器；BIS0001芯片；步进电机
Design of Metro automatic door system based on MCU
Abstract: Along with society’s development, the technical progress as well as the people living standard’s gradual enhancement, auto door starts to enter people’s life. It is not only indispensable for metro, hotels, supermarkets, banks and other modern architecture, but also become an important indicator of the level of construction of intelligent. There is beautiful, generous, windbreak, dustproof, lower noise. Meanwhile it is convenient for people to access. And it facilitates the management, enhance the safety.
Automatic control system is the core of the automatic door and the important indicator to measure the level of manufacture. The design of metro automatic door based on MCU control system in this paper. The system use AT89C51 as the control unit, and use it to control the stepper motor and pyroelectric infrared sensor. I use the stepper motor as the door driving device, and the pyroelectric infrared sensor as a sensor. When the sensor module detect someone enters, it gives the BISS0001 module a pulse signal. After processing the information, it sends the microcontroller a high or low level signal. Then the microcontroller run the program, process the information, and output a signal to the ULN2003A drive circuit. I use the ULN2003A module to control the stepper-motor module. Control the motor forward or reverse and monitor the speed. And I can speed or decelerate the motor in a certain time. At the same time, microcontroller gives the display module a signal for showing the state of the automatic door. It’s very convenient to know the running state of the automatic door.
The system makes full use of the performance of the microcontroller, its hardware circuit is simple, the software function is perfect, the control module is reliable, the cost effective is very high and so on. So the system has certain reference value and it’s useful.
Keywords: AT89C51；Pyroelectric infrared sensor；BIS0001 chip；Stepper motor
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景与研究意义 1
1.2 国内研究现状 1
1.3本文的主要工作及内容安排 3
2 系统硬件设计 4
2.1 系统的功能概述 4
2.2 设计思想和整体框图 4
2.3 元器件的选型及电路设计 4
2.3.1单片机 4
2.3.2 热释电红外传感器 8
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