摘要传动轴无源测速与在线监测单元设计传动轴广泛的应用于各种机械传动机构中，本课题设计了一种无需外接电源的测速 装置测量传动轴的转速，对传动轴的运动状态进行监测。根据传动轴的运动特点，本课 题采用霍尔传感器，该传感器能感应电机旋转时磁场的变化，并且将感应到的物理量变 化转化为高低电平的变化，即脉冲，通过单片机处理就可得到轴的转速信息。为实现无 直接外加电源测速，本课题利用的是电机旋转时切割磁感线运动产生的感应电动势，产 生的电势通过整流滤波稳压电路之后就可以将电压稳定传输给单片机、测速传感器等装 置供电，之后通过 2.4G 模块传送到上位机，最终通过上位机对接收的信息进行处理，得 到轴的转速，这样就实现了对电机转速的实时监测。此无源测速装置模块集成化之后能 够很好的嵌入到各种轴测速场合里面，其工作利用的是轴转动的动能，无需外加电源或 接线，不存在电池更换的问题，且其具有无线传输功能，维护调试更加方便，装置能实 现微型化在线监测，对智能传感和分布式测量具有重要的参考意义。70144

毕业论文关键词 无源 传动轴 传感器 测速 单片机

毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 外 文 摘 要

Title Non-external Electricity Drived Revolving Speed Measurement of The Transmission Shaft and The Design of Online Monitoring Unit.

Abstract

Transmission shaft is widely used in many kinds of mechanical transmission mechanism.This project has designed a non-electricity driving revolving speed measurement device to measure the revolving speed of transmission shaft,in order to monitor the motion state of the shaft.According to the moving feature of the transmission shaft,this project adopts 3144 unipolar hall-effect sensor.This sensor can induct the change of the magnetic field when the motor is rotating and change the information to high and low level-namely pulse.Then the speed information of the shaft can be get through the MCU.In order to measure the speed without power supply.This project use the cutting magnetic induction line movement of the rotating shaft to get induction electromotive force.The electromotive force is supplied to MCU and speed sensor as power through the rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit.Later transferred to PC by 2.4G module.Finally using the PC to dispose the received information to get the speed of the shaft.The current-time monitoring of motor revolving speed can be realized in this way.This device can be integrated and well embedded in many speed measurement occasions.The device uses the shaft rotational kinetic energy without power supply when it is working.So the power supply is out of question.And it has the function of wireless transmission.Maintenance and debugging can be easier,the device can be miniature. It is of great significance for smart sensors and distributed measurement.

Keywords Non-external electricity drived Transmission shaft Transducer Revolving speed measurement  MCU

本科毕业设计说明书 第 I 页

目 次

1 绪论 1

1.1 转速测量系统的发展状况 1

1.2 课题研究的意义 2

1.3 研究主要内容 2

1.4 拟采用的方法