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摘 要 铁路是我国不可替代一种重要陆地运输方式，随着科学技术的不断提高，列车的行驶速度也大幅度提升，在提速的同时，在不影响铁路运营的情况下如何对铁路进行文护与保养，一直是众人关注的焦点，做好铁路养护与文修，是铁路安全运输的重要保证。而铁路线路道床则是是列车安全，高效运行的基础，快速铁路要求一个均匀、密实的道床。而捣镐则是铁路文护工作的核心部件。捣镐使用寿命的高低，直接影响到养护工作的效率问题。传统的国产化捣镐寿命很低，随着计算普通力学和模拟仿真技术和软件平台的发展，越来越多的捣镐等部件的性能研究都可利用计算机来实现。不仅能有效缩短实验周期，减少实验费用，而且能更全面量化的研究捣镐在真实作业情况中的各种特性。
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本毕业论文基于基础理论力学与金属塑性成形理论，运动三文高端绘图软件UG NX，建立多种结构的捣镐部件装配图，以此模型来对捣镐进行铁路文护工作时的应力分布数值模拟。采用ABAQUS-STANDARD为前处理模块，对模型进行修补和建立计算域，划分网格；使用ABAQUS-EXPLICIT进行求解和后处理，输出捣镐基体和硬质合金片应力分布云图。对比分析四种不同结构的捣镐基体和硬质合金片最大剪切应力的数值模拟数据，总结不同结构的捣镐对使用寿命的影响，基于捣镐基体结构，硬质合金片大小，硬质合金片的安装位置，等方面提出整体结构的优化建议。5881
关键词： 捣镐；使用寿命；数值模拟；应力分布
Abstract
the railroad is our country can not be replaced an important land transportation, with the continuous improvement of science and technology, the running speed of the trains are also greatly increased, at the same time, without affecting the railway operation circumstances how to maintenance and maintenance of the railway, has been the focus of attention, do the railway maintenance and repair, is important to ensure the safety of railway transportation. The railway track is train safety, efficiency of operation, rapid rail requires a uniform, dense ballast. The tamping pick is the core component of railway maintenance work. The service life of the pickaxe, directly affects the efficiency of the maintenance work. The localization of traditional tamping pick life is very low, with the development of calculation of ordinary mechanical and simulation technology and software platform, study on the performance of more and more the pickaxe and other parts can be achieved by computer. Not only can effectively shorten the experimental cycle, reduce the experiment cost, but also a more comprehensive study on the quantification of the tamping pick in real operating conditions of various characteristics.
In this paper, based on the basic theory of mechanics, 3D drawing software UG NX movement, the establishment of various structures of the packer assembly diagram, taking the model for numerical simulation of stress distribution of railway maintenance work on the tamping pick. Using ABAQUS-STANDARD as the preprocessing module, to repair and build the computational domain, the model was meshed; use ABAQUS-EXPLICIT to solve and processing, output the pickaxe body and hard alloy sheet stress distribution nephogram. Comparative analysis of the simulation data of numerical tamping pick body and hard alloy piece of maximum shear stress of four kinds of different structure, summarizes the different structure of the tamping effect on the service life of the pickaxe, based on matrix structure, carbide size, installation position of hard alloy, etc. put forward suggestions to optimize the overall structure of the Tamping pickaxe
Keywords: tamping pick; service life; numerical simulation; stress distribution
目录
1绪论 1
1.1 捣镐介绍 1
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