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In the event of a ground shaking, the most important desired
property is the strength of the building, especially when its
elastic limit is attained or slightly exceeded.Abuilding can be
avoided to reach the limit state by providing adequate shear
walls in the orthogonal directions. Keeping this requirement
in view, in the present study, effort has been made to deter-
mine that amount of shear walls, which is necessary to make
a building safe against excessive damage. For this purpose,
the following assumptions (or design strategy) were made.
• The total design base shear is resisted by shear walls;
• Equal amounts of shear walls are available in the orthog-
onal directions of the structure because seismic action
may occur in both directions;
• The moment resisting frame elements, which are beams
and columns, independently resist 25 % of the total
design base shear.
The Uniform Building Code (UBC)-1997 [12] defines the
structure that possesses the above-mentioned three proper-
ties as the “dual system”.
In the present study, the amount of required shear walls in
one direction was obtained by satisfying the strength crite-
rion that is obtained by equating the total design base shear
(Vt ) to the total shear resistance (Vr ) provided by all the shear
walls in one direction. That is
Vt = Vr (1)
The total design base shear, Vt , can be estimated using an
acceleration response spectrum. In the present study, the
acceleration response spectrum defined by UBC-1997 [12],
was employed. This spectrum is shown in Fig. 1.
摘要：一般情况下设计有剪力墙的钢筋混凝土建筑物是为了加强抵抗地震的荷载。在目前的研究中，一个简单的应用分析的方法已经提出，钢筋混凝土建筑物的抗震能力由剪力墙的使用量来决定。该方法是以以下设计策略为基础的：（1）剪力墙必须能够耐得住整个建筑的底部剪力；（2）在一个建筑物中等量的剪力墙必须放置在两个正交方向上；（3）梁，柱是瞬间稳定的框架元素的基础，必须能够独立抵抗整个设计的底部剪力的25%。对于这样一个系统，剪力墙的总体面积与楼层平面的面积的比率已经获得了，其等于整个设计的底部剪力与来自所有剪力墙在一个方向上的所有剪力之比。因为地震可能发生在任何一个可能的方向上，同等数量的剪力墙被建议使用在两个正交的方向。为了确定剪力墙的数量一个程序也提出了检查刚度（或层间位移）的要求。将它应用于一个10层的3-D钢筋混凝土建筑物就是对它完整的分析过程。
关键词： 剪力墙;地震;层间位移;双系统
1 引言
为了能够抵御大地震，钢筋混凝土（RC）建筑必须具有足够的强度，刚度和延性。这三个要求通常情况下通过在钢筋混凝土建筑物中放置适量的剪力墙来满足。观察和分析过去的地震灾害表明有剪力墙的建筑，尽管是在建筑规划中有剪力墙的建筑物数量较少并且布置的也不够充分但其抵抗地震的力量非常有效而且一般情况下在中度或强烈地震的影响下都不会倒塌。这是由于几乎所有的抗震规范推荐在钢筋混凝土建筑物中使用剪力墙。近年来，大量的研究了有剪力墙的钢筋混凝的建筑对地震的反应。
吉姆等人。[ 1 ]为一个有剪力墙的高层建筑结构提供了一种有效的三文分析法。三文超单元墙楼板开发的成熟是由通过装配超级元素的底部结构来减少建模和分析所需的时间。各种类型的静态和动态的实例分析法对所提出方法的有效性和精确度进行了验证。他们的结论是，所提出的方法是对高层建筑结构的有效性和准确性分析非常有用并且大大减少了计算的时间和内存。