摘要：随着社会发展，人们的寿命在不断拉长，老年人也在逐渐增多。上海早在1979年就开始趋向人口老龄化，在21世纪老龄化不断深化，养老的问题产生已经是必然的。老年人口不断增加也加大了老年人日常生活照顾的需求。但是当前社会家庭的结构和人的观念已经发生了很大的变化，仅靠传统的家庭养老已经让很多家庭承担不起了。由于大部分老年人的传统观念不愿意离开家庭，很多养老服务无法展开。此时，社区养老我又是就凸显出来了。社区养老既减缓了家庭养老的压力，有能弥补机构养老所存在的不足，促进政府的养老实施。社区养老可以提供给老年人较为全面的养老服务，保证老年人的物质生活和精神生活。75012

本文以上海的人口老龄化现状为背景，首先介绍了社区养老的相关概念和理论，接着分析了目前上海社区养老的现状以及一些出现的问题，然后通过与英国、美国和日本的社区养老发展作比较，对现在上海的社区养老的问题提出应对策略。

毕业论文关键词：社区养老  人口老龄化   养老问题   应对策略 

Introduction to present situation in shanghai and countermeasures of community endowment

Abstract: Along with the social development，People live in constant，the elderly are also gradually increasing。 Shanghai began as early as 1979 to an ageing population, Aging in the 21st century continued to deepen, endowment problem has been is inevitable。 Increasing aging population is increasing the need to take care of the elderly daily life。 But the current social family's structure and the idea of people have great changes have taken place, only by the traditional family endowment has got many families can't afford。 Since many of the traditional concept of old people are not willing to leave home, many services could not。 Now, the community endowment I also stand out。 Community endowment not only slow down the pressure of family pension, but also solute the problem of the nursing institution for the aged , to promote the government's pension。 Community endowment can be provided to the elderly comprehensive endowment service, ensure the material life and spiritual life of old people。

Based on the background of population aging situation in Shanghai, firstly introduces related concepts and theory of community endowment, then analyzed the actuality of Shanghai community endowment as well as some problems, and then through the community endowment with Britain, the United States and Japan development, for now Shanghai community endowment problem put forward the coping strategies。

Keywords: community endowment; aging of population;the problem of supporting old people;solution

目 录

一、绪论 1

（一）研究起源 1

（二）研究意义与目的 1

（三）文献综述 2

二． 上海人口老龄化现状及养老需求 3

（一）上海人口老龄化现状 3

（二）社区养老需求分析 4

三．上海社区养老发展现状及问题分析 6

（一）上海社区养老发展现状 6

   1。“9073”养老服务格局 6

   2。社区养老建设 6

   3。社区医养结合 7

   4。形成统一的老年照护需求评估