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摘要：沉重的课业负担和高考的压力使高中生承受着巨大的精神负担，为了面对考试带来的焦虑，不同学生有着各自适合自己的自我价值保护策略。鉴于此，本文选取重点中学学生213名和普通中学学生229名，通过问卷调查法，研究其在防御性悲观策略的选择和考试焦虑方面的水平及差异，进而探索不同类型高中生防御性悲观和考试焦虑存在何种相关关系。研究表明：（1）防御性悲观考试焦虑均受到学校层次和年级的影响。防御性悲观和考试焦虑得分方面，重点高中比普通高中得分低；高三比高一高二得分低。（2）防御性悲观和考试焦虑存在极高的相关，无论是在普通中学还是重点中学，相关性没有显著差异。31160
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毕业论文关键词：不同层次院校；高中生；防御性悲观；考试焦虑
The Relation Between the Defensive Pessimism and the Examination Anxiety Among Senior High School Students
Abstract: The heavy course load and the college entrance exam make senior high school students under great mental stress. In order to cope with the exam anxiety, students in different- level schools have their own suitable self-worth protection strategies. Given this, in this thesis, the author surveyed students in key middle schools and ordinary high school with questionnaires, aiming at studying the level and the difference of these two groups of students when they selected defensive pessimism strategies selection and had the examination anxiety. And then, the author explored whether there was a certain relation between the defensive pessimism and the examination anxiety among different-level schools. The research showed two results. On one hand, the defensive pessimism and the examination anxiety were affected by the school level and the grade. As to the score of defensive pessimism and examination anxiety, key middle schools scored lower than ordinary high schools. Students in Grade 3 in senior high schools scored lower than those in Grade 1 and Grade 2 in senior high schools. On the other hand, there was a extremely high correlation between the defensive pessimism and the examination anxiety. There was no obvious difference of the correlation in ordinary high schools and key middle schools.
Keywords:Different-level schools; senior high school students; the defensive pessimism; the examination anxiety
目 录
摘要： 1
Abstract 1
1引言 2
1.1防御性悲观 2
1.2考试焦虑 2
1.3防御性悲观与考试焦虑 3
2研究方法 4
2.1研究对象 4
2.2研究工具 4
2.3程序及数据处理 4
3结果 5
3.1结果整体分析 5
3.2防御性悲观的差异性检验 5
3.3考试焦虑的差异性检验 6
3.4 防御性悲观与考试焦虑相关性研究 6
4分析讨论 7
4.1对防御性悲观有关问题的探讨 7
4.2对考试焦虑有关问题的探讨 8
4.3 防御性悲观与考试焦虑高相关的原因探讨 8
5结论 8
参考文献 9
附录 9
致谢 11
高中生防御性悲观与考试焦虑的关系
1引言
在我国，高考无疑是最重要的考试之一，它决定着考生进入何等高校学习的资格。而高中阶段无疑又是学生一生中承受压力较大，心理波动较剧烈的时期。沉重的课业负担和高考的压力使高中生承受着巨大的精神负担，学生们害怕失败，因为失败意着他人评价的降低从而致使个体自我能力感下降。[1]为了应对考试带来的焦虑，同时回避因失败或表现不好而引起的负面结果，[2][3]部分学生会采用策略来避免失败或改变它的意义来保护自我价值，减轻考试焦虑带来的影响。这便是Covington定义的“自我价值保护策略”。“防御性悲观”是常常用到自我保护策略之一。