碳关税对我国对外贸易的影响及应对措施
关键词：碳关税 对外贸易 贸易壁垒
The Influence of the Carbon Tariff on Foreign Trade
And Countermeasures
Abstract:"The Carbon tariff" is a new type of international trade barriers, and gradually become the new tools for some developed countries implement trade protectionism. Superficially, the carbon tariff is to alleviate global warming, and to promote fair competition for global trade. In essence, the carbon tariff is the result of American domestic political and economic game; the purpose is despoiling the new voice of the world economy, at the same time also for balance the developing countries including China. This paper attempts to combine with the actual situation of China, Impose carbon tariffs promoting China's scientific and technological revolution, promoting the improvement of China's energy structure, while also promoting changes in China's economic structure. But at the same time, imposing carbon tariff also brought a significant increase in the cost of exports, a significant decline in export volumes of High-carbon Products and has an effect on employment rate and so on. Faced with these problems, we should have a specific discussion on countermeasures.
Key Words: Carbon Tariff, Foreign Trade, Trade Barrier
目录
一、有关碳关税的理论综述 2
（一）碳关税的概念 2
（二）碳关税的提出及形成 2
二、碳关税对我国对外贸易的影响分析 3
（一）我国出口的商品结构与碳关税 3
（二）碳关税的征收对中国的积极影响 5
1.推动中国的科技革命 5
2.促进中国改善能源结构 6
3.有利于促进经济增长方式的转变 6
（三）碳关税的征收对中国的消极影响 6
1.出口产品成本将大幅提高 6
2.高碳产品出口规模下降 9
3.我国的就业率受到影响 10
三、针对碳关税问题的应对措施及相关建议 12
（一）增强国际话语权，积极参与制定国际环境条款谈判 12
（二）优化产业结构，发展低碳经济 13
（三）增强培训力度，加强人才培养 13
致谢 14
参考文献 15
近年来，温室气体对全球环境的影响越来越明显，规制温室气体的各种措施也陆续被提上议程，其中以税收来限制温室气体的排放被认为是目前世界上成本最低同时也是效果最好的方法。
碳关税问题已经日益成为国际贸易领域讨论的热点问题。从本质上来看，碳关税是一种绿色保护主义，碳关税将环境保护与国际贸易问题捆绑在一起，这是美国等发达国家为实行贸易保护主义而寻找的一个冠冕堂皇的借口。作为一项新政策涉及气候变化、碳排放和国际贸易多学科、多领域问题，碳关税成为公众关心的焦点问题，且引发各方争议，一旦碳关税开征，必定会对国际贸易产生重要影响，且可能引致贸易争端，作为世界贸易大国的中国来说也将会受到重大影响。因此，我们应该对碳关税今后的发展趋势以及可能导致的贸易争端给予高度关注。
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