摘要：随着现代社会对石油需求越来越大，石油供需矛盾已成为现代社会不可回避的问题。我国的石油企业跨国经营起步较英美等国晚。在如此激烈矛盾的背景下，想要扩大规模，打开国外经营渠道，不可避免地会触动他国利益，受到他国阻碍。因此，我国石油企业跨国经营有其必然性及其动因，因为石油企业的经营状况在很大程度上决定了国家经济安全状况，“走出去”跨国经营是我国石油企业的必然战略选择。人民群众生活水平的提高和经济发展，增加了国内对石油的需求和依赖性。我国加入世界贸易组织后面临的竞争与挑战是重要动因，与他国合作是我国石油企业跨国经营的主要原因。目前我国石油企业跨国经营的存在着数额巨大的海外投资、迅速增加的海外油气开采量，并购海外油气活动活跃，五大油气投资合作区的形成等状况，面临着长期存在的由石油资源引发的地区战争与军事冲突、不平衡的全球石油资源分布导致增加的地缘政治风险；政局动荡的石油资源富集的东道国纷争不断；东道国政策法规不连续造成的海外投资的风险变数增加等各种风险。因此，我国石油企业应当实施跨国经营的事先预防性政策、跨国经营的事中分散策略、跨国经营的事后补救策略。74091

毕业论文关键词：石油企业；跨国经营；风险：对策

Risks and Countermeasures of Transnational Operation of China 's Petroleum Enterprises

Abstract: With the increasing demand for oil in modern society, the contradiction between oil supply and demand has become an unavoidable problem in modern society。 China's oil business transnational business started more than Britain and the United States and other countries late In the context of such a fierce contradiction, want to expand the scale, open foreign business channels, will inevitably touch the interests of other countries, by other countries hinder。 Therefore, the transnational operation of China's oil enterprises has its inevitability and its motivations, because the operating status of oil companies to a large extent determine the national economic security situation, "going out" transnational business is the inevitable strategic choice of China's oil companies。 The improvement of people's living standards and economic development have increased the domestic demand and dependence on oil。 China's accession to the World Trade Organization after the competition and challenges are important drivers, cooperation with other countries is the main reason for China's oil companies transnational business。 At present, China's oil companies have a huge amount of overseas investment, the rapid increase in overseas oil and gas extraction, mergers and acquisitions overseas oil and gas activities are active, the formation of five oil and gas cooperation zone and other conditions, facing the long-term oil resources caused by the region War and military conflicts, unbalanced global oil resource distribution leads to increased geopolitical risks; political turmoil in oil resources enriched host country disputes; host country policies and regulations discontinued caused by the risk of overseas investment risk increases。 Therefore, China's oil companies should implement the pre-preventive policy of transnational operation, the persification strategy of multinational operation, and the post-remedy strategy of transnational operation。

Key words: oil enterprises; transnational operation; risk: countermeasures

目  录

引    言 I

一、我国石油企业跨国经营的必然性及其动因 2

（一）跨国经营的必然性——国家经济安全情系石油企业