摘要：焊缝的无损检测已经成为保障船舶以及设备有效运行的重要手段。合理地使用无损检测方法是检查出焊缝缺陷的前提。每种无损探伤方法也有其各自的验收标准，这是保证焊缝质量最主要的参考依据。

本课题着重研究了不同的无损检测方法的原理、适用范围以及优缺点，说明了该怎样合理地使用无损检测方法。研究了各种无损探伤方法的详细的验收标准以及各自的验收等级，并结合某船型项目的无损检测的图片和报告对焊缝的探伤验收进行了分析比较，对焊缝探伤后的数据进行了评估，解释了各种探伤方法的不同的缺陷显示方法与验收等级。进行了船体合拢位置无损探伤图的设计，根据DNV船级社规范计算了要进行无损探伤的检测点，并对焊缝进行了编号，以便于无损探伤的实施。

关键词：焊缝；无损探伤；验收标准

Abstract：Non destructive testing of welds has become an important means to ensure the effective operation of ships. Rational use of NDT methods is the premise to check out the weld defects. Each NDT method also has its own standards of acceptance, which is the main basis to ensure weld quality.

This paper focuses on the principle of different nondestructive testing methods, application scope  and advantages  and  disadvantages,  explains how to use  NDT methods reasonably.   The

acceptance  criteria  of  various  NDT  methods  and  their  acceptance  levels  are  studied ， and

combined with the picture and report of nondestructive inspection of a ship type project, the inspection and acceptance of welding seam are analyzed and compared ，and the data after flaw detection are evaluated ， various defects, display methods and Acceptance levels for various inspection methods are explained. The design of the hull close position of NDT map, according to the DNV classification rules to detect the point of nondestructive testing and calculation of weld Numbering is carried out to facilitate the implementation of nondestructive testing.

Keywords：welding seam; nondestructive inspection; acceptance standard

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1概述 1

1.2研究背景 1

1.3研究现状 2

1.3.1无损检测技术现状 2

1.3.2无损检测标准现状 3

1.4小结 6

第二章无损探伤方法简介 7

2.1引言 7

2.2无损探伤方法 7

2.2.1目视探伤 7

2.2.2射线探伤 7

2.2.3超声波探伤 8

2.2.4磁粉探伤 9

2.2.5渗透探伤 10

2.2.6涡流探伤 10

2.3小结 11

第三章船体无损探伤要求 12

3.1概述 12

3.2超声波探伤验收标准 12

3.2.1验收标准 12

3.2.2返修和复检 17

3.3磁粉探伤验收标准 17

3.3.1验收标准 19

3.3.2返修和复检