摘要：钻削测力仪是研究钻削过程最基本的仪器和手段，通过测得钻削力的变化，人们能快速的识别故障，提高加工过程的可靠性和生产效率。因此，钻测力测量仪是现代自动加工过程状态监测、自适应控制和最优控制的重要组成部分。随着科学技术的发展，钻井测功机的功能和性能指标也提出了。42326

从现实的工程角度实际着想，在运用物理学角度、电介质物理角度、压力各向异性材料力学角度、电磁学等多学科理论基础上，根据其特点和要求对钻削力的结构、系统的关键尺寸和动态特性进行设计和分析。设计制造出利用石英晶片扭转效应测扭矩，采用四片石英晶片就可以同时测量钻削过程中的扭矩、轴向力、径向力的三向压电钻削测力仪。其测力范围为M，=0～9N．m，F=0～1500Ⅳ，F=0～1000N。静态标定、动态标定和实际钻井测量后，各项指标均达到了设计要求。压电钻切割与其他测量钻削力装置相比的突出特点是：测量仪器采用石英晶片测量扭矩的扭转效应，可以无定心钻过程测量的实现；测量扭矩只有两块普通Y0切型石英晶体组成，晶体组的径向力；结构简单，调试方便，良好的加工和装配工艺，成本低。同时，它可以用来检测在钻井过程中的三个力量，这可以反映在钻井过程中的分布的钻削力。

本论文还对压电传感器的选择进行了研究。测量扭矩的压电晶体摆放的位子设计了多种方案，从计算结果中分析和总结结论，最终选择了俩种方案进行详细的计算和总结。

毕业论文关键词：钻床；扭矩；石英晶体；传感器；压电式测力仪

The design of a new type of piezoelectric force measuring system

Abstract：Drilling force measuring instrument is the most basic tool to study the drilling process, through the measurement of drilling force change, people can quickly identify the fault, improve the reliability and production efficiency of the processing process. Therefore drilling force measuring instrument is an essential part of the state monitoring, adaptive control and optimal control in the modern automatic machining process. With the development of science and technology, the function and performance index of drilling dynamometer are also put forward.

From the engineering reality, in the use of the physics of crystals, dielectric physics, pressure electrical anisotropic anisotropic material mechanics, electromagnetism, and other interdisciplinary theory basis, according to the characteristics and requirements, of measuring the drilling force structure, the system of the key dimensions and dynamic characteristics of design and analysis. Design and manufacture of the quartz wafer torsion effect of the torque measurement using four slices of quartz can be simultaneous measurement of drilling in the process of torque, axial force and radial force of three piezoelectric drill to cut dynamometer. Its measuring range is =0, M ~ 9N.m, F=0-1500 IV, F=0-1000N. After the static calibration, dynamic calibration and actual drilling measurement, all kinds of indexes have reached the design requirements. The piezoelectric drill cutting measuring instrument with other measuring the drilling force apparatus compared prominent characteristic is: it uses the torsional effect of quartz wafer measuring torque, can be achieved without the centring measurement of drilling process; measuring torque and radial force of crystal group only by two pieces of ordinary Y0 cut type quartz crystal composition; the structure is simple, convenient debugging, good machining and assembling process, the cost is low. At the same time, it can be used to detect the three forces in the process of drilling, which can reflect the distribution of drilling force in the process of drilling.

n this paper, the choice of piezoelectric sensor is studied. Torque measurement of a piezoelectric crystal placed in the seat design a variety of programs, from the computational results, it analyses and summarizes the conclusions, the final choice of the two kinds of schemes for detailed calculation and summarized.