摘要手术显微镜近年来在医疗领域中起着非常大的作用，其应用领域包括眼科、脑外科、手外科、神经外科、骨科、耳鼻喉科、牙科、整形外科等。手术显微镜主要是由机械和光学两个部分组成，本文主要是对机械部分进行设计，既就是手术显微镜的机架设计。我们知道机械设计是生产机械的第一道工序,设计质量的高低，直接影响机械产品的技术水平和经济效益。要创造机械的机构，必须依靠形象思维的能力，充分发挥设计者的想象力，打开创新的思路。随着设计工作的不断深入，从几种方案的对比中，逐步达到优胜劣汰。最后选定的方案，有可能是各种方案中精华部分的汇集，也可能是未被采纳方案中的某个构思。不管所想象出的几中方案的可行性如何，都必须以一种正确的设计思维进行，同时借鉴前人的经验和积累的知识，选定合理的设定方案进行具体详细的设计过程。整个设计过程包括：整体机架的设计、锁紧装置的设计、机架平衡的设计和底座的设计。43845

毕业论文关键词：手术显微镜 机架 平衡 锁紧装置

 Abstract

 The operation microscope is now taking an important part in medical field in recent years,including the ophthalmology，Brain surgical department ，Hand surgical department ，Neurosurgery ，Orthopaedics ，Department of otorhinolaryngology ，Dental clinic ，The plastic surgical department and so on.The operation microscope chiefly consists of machinery and optic parts .This original chiefly describes the design of the machinery section ，that is  the design of the frame of the operation microscope .We know that the machine design is the first step of  production machinery, design quality, directly affects the mechanical product technology level and economic benefits. To create mechanical mechanism, must rely on the image thinking ability, give full play to the designer's imagination, to open the train of thought of innovation. Along with the continuous deepening of the work from design, several kinds of schemes comparison, to gradually achieve the survival of the fittest. Finally, the selected scheme, there may be a variety of programmes in essence part together, may also be not adopted a design scheme. No matter what imagine several feasibility, must take a correct design thinking, at the same time from the previous experience and the accumulation of knowledge, the selected reasonable setting scheme of specific detailed design process.The entire design process includes：Design of the entire frame ，Design of locking unit and base.

Keyword ：Operation microscope  Frame  Balance Locking device 

目录

第一章 绪论 1

第二章 手术显微镜设计的总体方案的确定 4

2.1机械设计的基本思路 4

2.2设计方案的确定 4

第三章 机架、回转臂的锁紧机构、支架 6

3.1机架设计的一般要求 6

3.1.1机架的材料及热处理方法 7

3.1.2机架结构的设计 7

3.2回转臂设计 8

3.2.1回转臂锁紧机构的设计 8

3.2.2回转臂整个外形的设计 11

3.3支架的设计 12

3.3.1回转轴臂的初步估算 12

3.3.2手术仪器支架的设计 12

第四章 轴的设计