摘要： 能源危机的日益严重促进了新能源的发展，风能成为广受瞩目的新能源 之一。近年来垂直轴风力机开始引起关注，当下还没有成熟的小功率机型得到广泛的应用。叶片是风力机的关键部件之一，其良好的气动性能是风机获得较高风能利用率的保证；其良好的结构性能是风机能够安全正常运行的保证，同时也能最大限度的降低叶片生产的成本。本文在叶片具有较好气动性能的基础上，对比了水平轴风力发电机和垂直轴风力发电机的优缺，设计了几种适用于小功率直叶片垂直轴风力发电机的叶片结构。希望小型叶片以较低的风速启动，以大的扫风面积获得高的功率，以满足家庭供电的使用。其中至关重要的是新的结构设计方案。47156

毕业论文关键字： 垂直轴；风力发电机；达里厄；叶片结构

Design of the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Abstract： The energy crisis has promoted the development of new energy resources, and the wind energy has become one of the new energy sources. In recent years, the vertical axis wind turbine began to attract attention, the moment is not mature small power models have been widely used. The blade is one of the key components of wind turbine and its good dynamic performance is to obtain high wind energy utilization rate is guaranteed to fan; the good structure performance is to ensure safe and normal operation of the fan, also can maximum reduce the blade production cost. This paper has advantages and disadvantages better aerodynamic performance based, compared to the horizontal axis wind turbine and vertical axis wind turbine in leaves, design some suitable for small power straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine blade structure. Small blades are hoped to start at a low wind speed, with a large sweep area to obtain a high power to meet the use of household power supply. One of the most important is the new structure design.

Keywords： Vertical axis；Wind turbine；Darrieus；Blade structure  

 目录

引言 1

1 风能发展概况 2

1.1 世界及我国风力发电发展现状 2

1.2 小型垂直轴风力发电机发展概况 4

2 风机基本类型和参数 6

1 风机基本类型 6

2 比较 6

2．1 水平轴风机与垂直轴风机的比较 6

2．2 垂直轴风机S型，H型和φ型的比较 7

3 叶片设计 9

3.1 风特性 9

3.1.1 风能量 9

3.1.2 湍流特性 9

3.2 垂直轴风力机空气动力学 10

3.3 攻角α和叶尖速比λ的计算和分析 12

3.3.1 计算方法 12

3.3.2 计算和分析 13

3.3.3结论 16

3.4 风能利用率 16

3.5 贝茨极限 16

3.6 风力机的功率及扭矩计算 17

3.7 叶片实度 19

3.8 叶片的材料 20

3.9 叶片截面设计方法 21

3.9.1 各种设计模型 21