摘要:三维打印技术，也就是人们常谈到的3D打印技术，是一种新兴科技，它的基础是数字模型文件，原料是粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，然后运用逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。相比其它的技术，它可以直接从计算机图形数据中生成我们想要的任何形状的零件，并且能极大缩短成品的制造时间，提高生产效率并降低生产成本，最重要的是它不用任何模具或者机械加工。巧克力3D打印机的历史是从2012年开始的，英国埃克赛特大学的研究人员推出了世界第一台巧克力3D打印机，巧克力3D打印机在打印物体时同样要经过扫描平、分层加工成型等工序，和主流FDM熔融沉积成型3D打印机工作原理类似。本文主要是对巧克力3D打印机的改进和研发。研究内容主要涉及到巧克力3D打印机的机械结构、外形结构、电路部分、软件部分以及巧克力的特性，机械部分了解步进电机的驱动与控制、机床的结构，重点研究打印头，自主设计出挤出部分的结构，改装出一台完整的以巧克力为材料的巧克力3D打印机；外形结构需方便、美观，能体现出梦幻感与科技感，使大众能够喜爱；电路部分需要去了解相关控制主板的知识，并且能够正确安装到3D打印机中；软件部分包括上位机软件和下位机软件，上位机软件是运行在电脑上的软件，下位机软件是运行在3D打印机主板上的软件，主要做电机控制；巧克力的特性要研究巧克力的种类、熔点、成分配比以及市场价格等等。首先，要分析市场上热门的3D打印机的机械结构差别并对比优劣，对其做出改进，使优点更加明显，改进缺点甚至完全摒弃缺点，运用计算机辅助设计软件（CAD、UG等）进行虚拟设计，仿真验证方案的可行性。最终，选择所需零部件的材料和型号，完成新型巧克力3D打印机的研发。63208

毕业论文关键词： 三维打印技术；FDM熔融沉积成型3D打印机；巧克力3D打印机；3D打印机机械结构；巧克力的特性

Chocolate 3D printer research and development

Abstract:Three dimensional printing technology, is also the people talked about 3D printing technology is a new technology, which is based on the digital model files, the raw material is powdered metal or plastic material can be bonded, and then use the layer by way of printing technology to construct the object. Compared with other techniques, it can generate any shape we want directly from the computer graphics data in the parts, and can greatly shorten the product manufacturing time, improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, the most important is that it is not any mold or mechanical processing. 3D chocolate printer history from the beginning of 2012, researchers at Exeter University launched the world's first chocolate chocolate 3D printers, 3D printer will go through the same scanning, layered forming and other processes in the print object, similar to the mainstream FDM 3D printer working principle of fused deposition modeling. This paper is mainly on the improvement and development of the chocolate 3D printer. The research content mainly involves the chocolate 3D printer appearance structure, mechanical structure, circuit and software part and mechanical part to understand the nature of chocolate, stepper motor drive and control, machine tool structure, focusing on the print head, independently design extrusion part of the structure, a complete modification by chocolate material 3D chocolate printer; structure need convenient and beautiful, can reflect the illusion and the sense of science and technology, so that the public can enjoy the circuit part; need to understand the relevant knowledge and control board, can be installed correctly to the 3D printer; the software part includes PC software and software, PC software is running on the computer the software, computer software is running on the 3D printer on the motherboard software, mainly to do motor control; to study the characteristics of chocolate chocolate Types of force, melting point, component ratio and market price and so on. First, to analyze the market structure of mechanical hot 3D printer and difference comparison, make improvement on it, the more obvious advantages, disadvantages and even completely avoid the shortcomings, the use of computer-aided design software (CAD, UG) for the virtual design, the feasibility of simulation program. In the end, choose the materials and models of the parts, and complete the development of new type of chocolate 3D printer.