草食动物厌氧真菌菌群结构分析
毕业论文关键词：厌氧真菌；草食动物；ITS；菌群多态性
The Community of Anaerobic Fungi in Herbivores
Abstract： The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in the anaerobic fungal community between ruminants and non-ruminants, and those between rumen contents and manure on the basis of understanding the structure of anaerobic fungi. The study obtained 57 samples of herbivores from the database，in which there were 450043 ITS sequences of anaerobic fungi. After quality filtration, the data was analyzed with QIIME for taxa note and OTU cluster, and then the differences were compared in the anaerobic fungi flora structure between ruminants and non-ruminants and between rumen contents and manure. QIIME cluster analysis obtained 278 OTUs，coming from 13 genera of anaerobic fungi，six of which are known anaerobic fungi，and seven of which are unknown ones. The anaerobic fungi flora structure comparison between ruminants and non-ruminants has found that: the anaerobic fungi flora structure of non-ruminants is relatively simple; Piromyces, Caecomyces and Neocallimastix are superior anaerobic fungi; the number of Piromyces is significantly higher in ruminants than in non-ruminants；the anaerobic fungi flora structure of ruminants is relatively complex and has a large number of unclassified sequences. The flora structure comparison of anaerobic fungi in manure and rumen contents has found that the number of unclassified anaerobic fungi is significantly higher in rumen contents than in manure（P<0.01），and that the difference in the number of six known genera anaerobic fungi is not significant. The study result shows that the flora structure of anaerobic fungi in herbivores is complicated，a large number of which are still unclassified；that the flora structure is complicated in ruminants than in non-ruminants；and that the flora structure of rumen content is complicated in manure than in rumen contents.
Keywords: Anaerobic fungi；Herbivores；ITS；Flora persity
目 录
摘要3关键词3
Abstract3
Key words4
前言4
1材料与方法4
1.1草食动物厌氧真菌ITS序列获取4
1.2 QIIME分析草食动物厌氧真菌菌群多态性8
1．3反刍动物与非反刍动物厌氧真菌菌群结构差异分析8
1．4粪便与瘤胃内容物厌氧真菌菌群结构差异分析8
1．统计分析8
2结果与分析8
2．1 草食动物厌氧真菌菌群结构分析8
2．2 反刍动物与非反刍动物厌氧真菌菌群结构差异分析9
2．3 粪便与瘤胃内容物厌氧真菌菌群结构差异分析10