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摘要：镰刀菌常侵袭粮食作物如大米、玉米、小麦等，使之发霉变质并产生有毒代谢产物——镰刀菌毒素。目前已知的镰刀菌属有40多个种，不同镰刀菌在不同基质上产生的镰刀菌毒素的种类和含量有较大差异。本实验将多种镰刀菌接种于大米、玉米及PDA培养基中，于25℃恒温培养21天后采用液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）测定其毒素种类和含量。实验结果表明：不同镰刀菌产生毒素的种类和含量不同，其中F. culmorum、F. poae能够产生NIV和Fus-X毒素；F. langsethiae、F. sporotrichioides能够产生T-2、HT-2、DAS和NEO毒素；F. proliferatum，F. verticillioides能够产生FB1、FB2；F. graminearum主要产DON及其隐蔽型。F. subglutinans、F. musae、F. pseudograminearum则在不同基质上检测到了不同含量的镰刀菌酸，以PDA基质上含量最高，分别为12434.60μg/kg、4231.88μg/kg和5089.31μg/kg。此外，即使是同一种镰刀菌，在不同基质上产生毒素的种类和含量也是存在差异的。F. poae在所有菌株中存在的这种差异最明显，在PDA基质上只检测到11.927μg/kg的FB2毒素，其他毒素都不存在；在大米基质上NIV毒素（21230.75μg/kg）的含量远超于FUS-X、DAS、NEO T-2和HT-2毒素；在玉米基质中NIV毒素只有979.06μg/kg，以DAS毒素（1101.95μg/kg）含量最高。22474
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毕业论文关键词：镰刀菌毒素；基质；液质联用技术
A study of different Fusarium toxin in different biological substrates
Abstract: Fusarium often invasive food crops such as rice, corn, wheat and lead to going bad and mildew ,then produce toxic metabolites -- Fusarium toxin. There are more than 40 species of the Fusarium genus, each species of Fusarium produce different toxins in different culture substrates. This experiment will be a variety of Fusarium inoculated on rice, corn and with PDA as the control, in cultured at 25 ℃,21 days to determine the kinds and contents of the toxin, measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The results show that: The content and variety of Fusarium toxins produced by different Fusarium were not the same. F. culmorum、F. poae could produce NIV and Fus-X; F. langsethiae、F. sporotrichiodies could produce T-2、HT-2、DAS and NEO; F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides could produce FB1, FB2; F. graminearum could mainly produce DON and it’s masked type. F. subglutinans, F. musae, F. pseudograminearum on different substrates were detected different content of Fusarium acid which was the highest in the PDA substrates, respectively were 12434.60 μg/kg, 4231.88 μg/kg and 5089.31 μg/kg. In addition, even the same species, variety and content of the toxins in the different substrates are different. F. poae showed the most obvious differences in all strains. Only 11.927 μg/kg FB2 toxin was detected in the PDA substrates, other toxins were not detected; the content of NIV toxin (21230.75 μg/kg) was higher than FUS-X, DAS, NEO, T-2 and HT-2 toxin in the rice substrate, however, the NIV toxin was only 979.06 μg/kg in corn based medium and the DAS toxin (1101.95 μg/kg) was the highest.
Key Words: Fusarium toxin; substrates; LC-MS/MS
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 镰刀菌 1
1.2 镰刀菌毒素及其限量 1
1.3 本课题国内外发展概况 5
1.3.1 镰刀菌毒素的暴露情况 5
1.3.2 镰刀菌毒素的检测方法 5
1.4 目的与意义 6
2 材料与方法 8
2.1 试剂与材料 8
2.2 溶液配制 9
2.3 仪器与设备 9
2.4 实验方案 10
2.4.1 实验流程图 10
2.4.2 PDA培养基配制 11
2.4.3 菌株活化 11