小学数学解简易方程教学的现状及对策研究
[毕业论文关键词] 小学数学；解简易方程；教学；现状及对策
Study on current situation and Countermeasures of primary school mathematics teaching simple equation solution
-- to pep primary school mathematics textbooks as an example
Abstract
A simple solution of equation is a heavy and difficult teaching in primary school education. Help students related mathematical ability for its learning to improve, cultivate mathematics emotion. The actual state of teaching is the concentrated solution of simple equation, the difficulty of teaching organized students of higher error rate, teaching is not strong. The main reasons include equation calculation, equivalent relation, find the problems in the teaching of the equations, and for the use of textbooks is not flexible enough. In this regard, a simple equation to clear teaching objectives, to promote the formation of new old positive transfer of knowledge, two to adjust the presentation of teaching content, highlight the level of knowledge of the simple equation solution. Three to use multiple methods to solve the problem of thinking, broaden the equation. In order to make the teaching effective and flexible solution of simple equations.
keyword ：primary school mathematics; solve simple equations; teaching; current situation and Countermeasures
目录
一、解简易方程教学目标以及重要性 1
（一）解简易方程的教学内容及其教学目标 1
（二）方程与简易方程学习内容功能剖析 2
（三）解简易方程教学对于学生数学能力与数学情感发展的重要性 2
二、解简易方程教学的现况分析 4
（一）解简易方程教学的难点突出 4
（二）教学效果较差，学生的错误率较高 4
（三）解方程的算理要求上，实际教学与教材发生冲突 5
（四）稍复杂方程的教学中难点凸显 5
三、解简易方程教学现状的原因分析 6
（一）解方程教学中算理运用出现混乱 6
（二）教学的重难点把握存在问题，知识的层次性不突出 6
（三）等量关系式寻找的教学教学方法单一 7
（四）列方程中学生的算术思文与代数思文混淆 7
四、 解简易方程教学的建议 8
（一）明确简易方程教学目标，以旧促新形成知识的正向迁移 8
（二） 调整教学内容的呈现，凸显解简易方程知识的层次性 8
教材是教师教学和学生学习的依据，但同时教师应该在研究教材的基础上发展教材和拓展教材。在解简易方程的教材中有两个地方是可以进行扩展和调整的。 8
（三） 采用多元方法，拓宽解决方程问题的思路 9
注释 11
主要参考文献 12
附录：小学数学解简易方程学习情况调查问卷
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