立井井筒变形观测方案设计
通过查阅资料，了解了井筒的结构、装备以及变形原因后，参考目前国内外对井筒变形观测的研究和解决方案，利用所学的测绘知识设计了利用传统大地测量方法对立井井筒变形进行观测的一种方案，主要介绍了控制网的建立与量测、井筒内坐标系统的建立、井筒壁的碎步测量以及最后成果的展示。39703
毕业论文关键词： 立井井筒，变形观测，大地测量
Abstract
Vertical shaft is an important channel which connects the ground and the underground.And its security is the prerequisite to ensure the safety of mining and production of high efficiency. During the mining operations,shaft deformation observation is the essential work to ensure its safe operation .Through shaft deformation observation ,we can know the deformation of the shaft and take measures if it is unsafe.We can also analyze the reasons and regularity of the shaft deformation according to the observation data.Then we can improve the shaft .
Through access to information, I know the structure, equipment of the shaft and the causes of deformation of shaft.After reading the related knowledge at home and abroad,I design a way about the shaft deformation observation with traditional geodetic methods .The way mainly introduce that how to establish and measure the control network for deformation observation and the coordinate system,then show the results.
Key words：vertical shaft, deformation observation , geodetic engineering.
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 立井井筒概述 1
1.1.1 立井井筒的简介 1
1.1.2 立井井筒井壁结构的发展历史 2
1.2 立井井筒变形分析 3
1.2.1 立井井筒变形的原因 3
1.2.2 立井井筒变形的表现 4
1.2.3 立井井筒破坏采取的补救措施 4
2 立井井筒变形监测国内外现状简介 6
2.1 概述 6
2.2 变形监测技术的发展 6
2.3 国内外研究方法简介 6
2.3.1 位移监测法 6
2.3.2 三文变形监测方法 7
2.3.3 光纤光栅传感技术在井筒变形监测中的应用 8
3 立井井筒观测方案设计 10
3.1 资料收集 10
3.2 监测网的布设 10
3.2.1 平面控制网的布设及观测 10
3.2.2 地面高程控制网的布设与观测 13
3.2.3 用GPS测设近井点 14
3.3 连接点的布设与观测 14
3.4 建立井筒的坐标系统 14
3.4.1 井筒高程系统的建立 14
3.4.2 平面坐标系统的建立 15
3.4.3 井筒内坐标方位角的确定 15
3.4.4 井筒壁的点位测量 15
3.5 数据处理 15
4 小结 17
致 谢 18