摘要：无线人员定位技术的发展应用可以极大的简便人们的生活，并在一定程度上促进城市化，加快社会发展。并且在公众安全领域也有着较大的意义。本文基于ZigBee协议，研究分析了用于大型场合下的人员定位技术并建立了基于cc2430芯片的无线人员定位系统，具体工作有以下的几个方面：

首先针对无线定位系统需要长时间待命，布置周期较长的特点，提出了基于ZigBee通讯协议的无线人员定位系统设计方案。本方案采用了射频芯片cc2430作为无线定位的核心器件，具有便于携带，通信稳定，节点耗能小，响应迅速等特点其次对两大类定位算法（基于测距与非测距的算法）进行了分析和理论计算，筛选出适合的算法使用matlab进行仿真，细化误差分析。

最后对系统移动终端进行设计，使用cc2430芯片，并设计外围电路。包括主控模块设计、对移动终端和参考节点分别进行电源模块设计、无线射频模块设计、使用电平转换对RS-232接口设计以及存储模块设计。最后使用MQ-2烟雾检测器对火灾报警辅助模块进行设计。通过对本系统的设计，本系统基本能够实现对人员定位，并能够达到火灾监测报警的目的。该系统在人员密集的公共场所人员管理和安全防灾场合能有很广泛的应用。

关键词：定位技术、无线传感器网络、RSSI算法

Abstract：The development and application of wireless personnel positioning technology can greatly facilitate people's lives and promote urbanization to a certain extent and accelerate social development. And in the field of public safety also has a greater significance.This paper analyzes the personnel positioning technology for large-scale occasions Based on the ZigBee protocol and establishes the wireless personnel positioning system based  on cc2430 chip. The specific work has the following aspects:

Firstly, a wireless personal positioning system design scheme based on ZigBee communication protocol is proposed aiming at the requirement that wireless location system needs longer standby and longer layout cycle. The program uses the RF chip cc2430 as a wireless positioning of the core device, with a protable, stable communication, low energy consumption of nodes, fast response and other communication features.

Secondly, two kinds of localization algorithms (ranging distance and non - ranging algorithm) are analyzed and calculated. The suitable algorithm is selected and simulated by MATLAB to refine the error analysis.

Finally, design the system mobile terminal, Use CC2430 chip, and design peripheral circuit. Including the design of main control module, the design of power module and RF module for mobile terminal and reference node,design of RS-232 interface and design of memory module using level conversion. Finally, the MQ-2 smoke detector is  used to design the fire alarm module.

Through the system design, the system can basically achieve  the personnel positioning and can achieve the purpose of fire alarm monitoring. This design can have been widely used in personnel intensive personnel management and safety situation in public places.

Keywords: Positioning technology, Wireless Sensor Networks, RSSI algorithm

目录

第一章绪论

1.1研究背景与意义

1.2无线定位技术介绍

1.2.1几种主流的无线定位技术简介

1.2.2ZigBee技术介绍

1.2.3WiFi技术介绍

1.2.4Bluetooth技术介绍

1.2.5各定位技术比较

1.3本文的主要研究内容

第二章基于ZigBee技术的无线人员定位系统设计

2.1室内人员定位系统需求分析

2.2室内无线人员定位系统设计方案

2.2.1数据采集层

2.2.2信息汇聚层

2.2.3终端监控层