摘要：本文主要介绍了光生伏特效应功能材料在公共设施方面的应用。光生伏特效应的发现为光—电直接转换提供了理论依据，太阳辐射到地球上的能量能够更多的被人类利用，多种多样的太阳能电池是光—电转换的重要载体。电能是人类当今社会必不可缺少的能源之一，公共设施方面的能源消耗是我国重要的能源消耗之一，大力发展太阳能在公共设施方面的应用，可以有效的降低化石燃料的消耗和环境污染。作为绿色的能源之一的太阳能对改善不断恶化的环境是必须大力发展和利用的，随着化石燃料的枯竭、环境的恶化，太阳能发电在人类能源消费的地位越来越重要。48842

毕业论文关键词：光生伏特效应；太阳能；硅片；清洁能源

The Analysis of the Application of the Functional Materials of Photovoltaic Effect in the Field of Public Facilities

Abstract: This paper mainly introduces the application of the functional materials of photovoltaic effect in the field of public facilities. The discovery of the photovoltaic effect provides a theoretical basis for the direct conversion from light to electricity. The energy from the sun to the earth can be more utilized by human being. A variety of solar cells are the important carriers for the conversion between the light and the electricity. Electricity is one of the indispensable energy in human society. The energy consumption of the public facilities is one of the important energy consumption in our country. And developing the application of solar energy in public facilities vigorously can effectively reduce the consumption and environmental pollution of fossil fuels. It is necessary for us to develop and make use of the solar energy, one of the green energy, to improve the deteriorating environment. With the depletion of fossil fuels and the deterioration of the environment, the solar power generation is playing a more and more important role in the energy consumption for human.

Key Words：Photovoltaic Effect; Solar Energy; Silicon Wafer; Clean Energy

目  录

摘要 1

引言 1

1. 光生伏特效应的原理 3

1.1 硅片PN结光生伏特效应原理 3

1.2 PN结型光电池的工作原理 4

2. 太阳能电池的分类 4

2.1 硅太阳能电池 4

2.2 多种多样的化合物薄膜太阳能电池 5

2.3 聚合物多层润饰电极型太阳能电池 6

2.4 纳米晶太阳能电池 6

2.5 有机太阳能电池 7

3. 光电池的基本特性 7

3.1 光谱响应值 7

3.2 光照特性 7

3.3 温度特性 7

4. 太阳能电池在公共设施方面的应用 8

4.1 非晶硅太阳电池的应用 8

4.2 光电太阳能发电系统在公共方面的应用 9

4.2.1 设计太阳能发电系统必须考虑的因素 9

4.2.2 公用太阳能发电系统包括独立式发电系统和联网式发电系统 10

4.2.3 公共太阳能发电系统存在的优缺点 11

5. 结束语