Different from the profound French deconstructionist school represented by Derrida, the American deconstructionist school focuses more on the operation and application in the actual text。 From the 1960s to 1990s, the famous representative of American deconstructionist school- Yale school has been founded in American Yale University。 It usually refers to the four professors wwho are fond of deconstructionist criticism; they are Paul de Man, J。 Hillis Miller, Horald Bloom and Geoffery Hartman。论文网

The difference between Yale School and Derrida lies in the comparison between deconstruction and deconstruction theory。 Once deconstruction becomes a doctrine, it is not just a way of analyzing, but of proposing。 From Yale School’s point of view, deconstruction works as an effective way to reveal what is implied in the text; it is a kind of method to help understanding。 Yale School also develops the deconstruction theory of Derrida; scholars eliminate the boundary between literature and philosophy completely, and treat the literary criticism and texts in the same way。

Lawrence Venuti is another deconstructive figure。 His deconstructive translation concept is mainly reflected in his three works, namely, Rethinking Translation: Discourse, Subjectivity, Ideology (1992), Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation (1995); The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference (1998)。 Venuti followed Derrida’s idea of seeking difference and put forward “foreignization” in translation。 He once made a definition of translation from the perspective of deconstruction, “translation is a process that the translator who under the presupposition of understanding uses the chains of signifiers in the target language to replace the chains of signified in the original text” ( Li Wenge, 2004)。 He argued that translators should be “seen’ in the translation by preserving as much as possible the original flavor and culture feature of the source text。 He regards the translation strategy of “foreignization” as a way to resist culture invasion。 He is strongly opposed to domestication which is an occident-centered translation against other marginalized countries。 This translation strategy is called “resistency”, that is the “resistency” against ethnocentrism of target language。

2。2 The Researches on Deconstruction Theory文献综述

There are quite a lot of research books about deconstruction theory in academia。 Vincent B·Leitch (1983) Deconstructive Criticism: An Advanced Introduction is a comprehensive and thorough guiding book about deconstruction in an objective stance。 In the book On Deconstruction Theory and Criticism after Structuralism, Jonathan Culler (2004) makes a detailed illustration of Derrida’s deconstructionist analysis on the Saussure’s structural linguistics theory。 Christopher Norris’s (1983) book- Deconstruction：Theory and Practice focuses on the deconstructionist works of Derrida and American scholars。 In the year of 1983, the paper volume The Yale Critics：Deconstruction in America was published by Jonathan Arac, Wlad Godzich and Wallace Martin (1983)。 They have made a critical analysis of Yale Critics in the position of western Marxism in the volume。

There are still lots of books aiming to dig the relationship between deconstruction theory together with other criticism schools and theoretical disciplines。 Scholars try to illustrate the influence of deconstruction on those schools and disciplines; for instance, Kathleen Davis’s (2004) book- Deconstruction and Translation analyzes the relationship between deconstruction and translation, which will be applied in this thesis。 

The 20th century has witnessed the considerable achievements made by Chinese scholars in the field of deconstruction theory。 Their theoretical achievements could be pided into two categories: the theory of deconstruction and the deconstruction theory in China including Zeng Yanbing’s (2002) Eastern Post-modernism and Zheng Min’s (1998) Angles of Deconstruction and Structuralism。 The former category is represented by Derrida- Deconstruction Dimension from Lu Yang (1996)。 As the first book about deconstruction theory, Derrida- Deconstruction Dimension covers all the aspects of deconstruction theory, and exercises a great influence on the Chinese philosophy and literature