Abstract Second language acquisition is a important topic in today’s language learning study。This paper briefly discusses the difference in children and adults learning from the perspectives of critical linguistics, critical period, cognitive and motivational perspectives。Then,it discussed the main reasons for the difference in second language acquisition。Based on this, differences between children and adults in second language learning are discussed。 We teach students in accordance with their aptitude in the two language teaching and get better learning effect。94508

 Keywords:Difference between inpidual;Second language acquisition;cognitive;motivational

摘要二语习得是当今语言教学好学习中的一项重要课题。成人和儿童在学习二语中也存在不同的特点。本文简要地从神经语言学，关键期假说，认知角度和情感角度探讨的儿童好人成人学习二语差异性。并根据上述讨论中探讨的儿童学习二语和成人学习二语之间的差异，给出几点建议以便以后在二语教学中因材施教得到更好的学习效果。

关键词：二语习得；个体差异;认知；动机

Contents

1。 Introduction 8

2。 Literature Review 9

2。1From the perspective of cognitive theory 9

2。2From the perspective of motivational theory 9

3。The difference between children and adults in second language acquisition 10

3。1From the neural side 10

3。2Differences in acquisition mechanism 12

3。3Differences in learning motivation 13

4。Conclusion 17

Works cited 19

1。 Introduction论文网

     Generally speaking, the main factors that affect the two language acquisition are age, cognitive ability, language ability, learning motivation, and so on。 Among these factors, it can be said that age is one of the most important factors that affect second language acquisition。Because it is different from many other factors。 People can predict age so that they can accurately describe their age。 Researchers have explored many issues about age and second language acquisition。 But they failed to reach a same conclusion。 For example, some scholars believe that childhood is the best time to begin learning a second language。 And children can learn a second language better than adults。 Other researchers believe that children can’t learn better than adults。Because adults should be more conducive to learning the two language。 Other researchers believe that whenever you learn, you can master a foreign language as long as you work hard。 This reflects that age factors are related to the complexity to the two language acquisition。 Therefore, it is necessary to study the relationship between age and two language acquisition。With the development of National English Curriculum, educators in China pay more attention to how to strengthen students' language skills and how to help learners use these skills in their life。 While current situation of English teaching does not be managed as well as people expected, there exists some problems (Zhang and Luo, 2004)。

2。Literature Review

2。1From the perspective of cognitive theory文献综述

  The cognitive theory holds that language is one of the functions。 And the development of phonetics is based on the development of cognitive structure。 This theory produced in the last century the late 60s, represented by Piaget, Bloom and Slovenia。 According to cognitive theorists, the development of language depends on the concept of children's formation of the world around them。 It depends on the needs of children to express their meaning and relies on the need to communicate with people。 In a word, the development of children's language is the product of natural ability and objective experience。 On behalf of Piaget cognitive theory think that the brain has two different functions: one is the psychological function of genetic。 It determines how people interact with the environment, and to the learning environment。 Learning Center (assimilation) including the assimilation and adaptation process (accommodation) two。 The other is a cognitive structure (also called cognitive schema schemata)。It is the first kind of organization, function and environment effect。With the development of children and systematic changes in children's understanding of the world is on the internalization of the cognitive structure and the realization of。 Another important point of Piaget's view is that the development of linguistic competence can not precede the development of cognitive ability。 If the cognitive ability of children has not yet developed to express complex ideas in the passive voice, he can not accept the structure of the passive voice。 This shows that children should imitate adult speech based on the development of his cognitive ability。 The cognitive ability of children's development also has a relatively stable stage of the development which known as the "balance" (dynamic balance)。Every state of equilibrium than before an equilibrium state is more precise, more able to assimilate the experience, this is the process of cognitive ability continuously from low level stage to the advanced stage of development。