Abstract Tess of the D’urbervilles is one of Thomas Hardy’s greatest works. The novel describes the tragic fate of a girl named Tess. Her family is an old declining aristocrat called D’Urbervilles which has become peasants. Kinds of reasons, including the capitalist social system of Victorian era, poor family, the ruthless oppression of the bourgeoisie to the proletariat, false religious theology, the sexism of the male chauvinism society, cause Tess’s tragic fate. But this tough woman never gives in to the fate. She is upright, brave and virtuous. She is brave to say ‘no’ to the unfair fate. She is loyal in love. She keeps herself in face of the difficulties. She is brave to resist the decayed society. The rebellious spirit of Tess shows the practical significance including arousal of women’s rights and  women should not give in to the established fate. The thesis analyses the rebellious spirit of Tess from her character, living environment and social background.71703

Key words: capitalism     religious theology     male chauvinism     rebellious spirit

摘要《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯哈代最伟大的作品之一。文章描述了一个已经变成农民的古老没落贵族家的女儿苔丝的悲惨命运。维多利亚时期的资本zhuyi的社会制度，贫困的家庭，资产阶级对无产阶级的无情压迫，虚伪的宗教神学，男权zhuyi社会下的性别歧视等，无不都是造成苔丝悲惨命运的原因。而这位坚强的女性从未屈服于命运。她正直，勇敢，善良，并且敢于对不公平的命运说“不”。她在爱情里坚贞不渝，在困难面前保持自我，她勇于反抗腐朽的社会。苔丝的反抗精神展现了女权的觉醒，女性不应该屈服于既定的命运的现实意义。本文从人物形象，生活环境，社会背景等方面来分析苔丝的反抗精神。

毕业论文关键词：资本zhuyi     宗教神学     男权zhuyi     反抗精神

Contents

Abstract in EnglishI

Abstract in Chinese .II

Introduction1

Chapter One The Analysis of Tess’s character4                                                     

    1.1 The Analysis of Tess’s Appearance.4

1.2 The Analysis of Tess’s Moral character. .4

1.3 The Analysis of Tess’s Values5

1.4 The Analysis of Tess’s Love View.5

Chapter Two The Analysis of Tess’s living environment7

2.1 The Environment of Tess’s Birth Place7

2.2 The Environment of Tess’s Working Place8

Chapter Three The Analysis of the Social Background9

Chapter Four The Analysis of Tess’s Rebellious Spirit and Its Practical         Significance.11

4.1 The Analysis of Tess’s Rebellious Spirit11

4.2 The Analysis of Tess’s Rebellious Spirit’s Practical Significance.12

Conclusion.15

Works Cited16

The Analysis on the Rebellious Spirit of Tess in Tess of the D’Urbervilles

Introduction

Tess of the D’urbervilles, as one of Thomas Hardy’s greatest works, shows the decayed social system and the unfair rights between men and women in Victoria era, between late 19th century and early 20th century. Tess of the D’urbervilles tells a story of a beautiful and virtuous girl named Tess. Her parents want her to ask their rich relatives for help. But this pure girl is raped by the rich relative named Alec. After being raped by Alec, Tess refused his compensation, and chooses to leave him because she thinks she doesn’t love Alec. Many people discriminate Tess because she is unmarried and gives birth to a baby. However, the baby is ill, so she wants to give her baby a baptism. The baby’s death and baptism makes her realize the church is not the only belief. So Tess gives her baby the baptism by herself and leaves home. She decides to abandon the past and work in the dairy barn. Tess meets the man she loves in her whole life in the dairy barn. Angle’s honesty and deep love impress her. They fall in love soon. After enjoying a fun time, Angle decides to propose to Tess. Facing with Angle’s proposal, Tess falls into a dilemma. On the one hand, she loves Angle so deeply and she wants to be together with Angle forever, she wants to marry to Angle so urgently. On the other hand, she fears that if Angle knows her past, he will leave her. At last, love triumphs over the fear, she agrees Angle’s proposal. On their wedding day, facing to Angle’s eyes, Tess decides to tell Angle what have happened on her in the past, although her mother tells her not to tell Angle what happened in the past again and again. Tess is naive because she thinks if she forgives Angle’s ungodly action, he will forgive her past. But Angle’s reaction hurts her deeply. After knowing what have happened to Tess in the past, Angle decides to leave Tess. He thinks Tess’s experience can not be forgiven. Tess loves Angle so deeply, even if she is abandoned, she still wants for Angle day by day. But misfortunes never come singly. Her parents are ill, in order to take care of family, Tess decides to go to the farm to work. The landlord is the man who have teased her and being beaten by Angle, so he tortures Tess with many ways. Tess is so tired on the body and so hopeless on the love. But the god always likes making fun of people. Tess meets Alec at this time. In the face of his temptation, Tess still chooses to refuse him. But her father’s death makes the whole family become homeless. In order to take care of the family, Tess has no choice but to accept Alec’s help. When Angle comes back, she finds she is cheated by Alec because he tells her that Angle is dead. Tess is so angry that she kills Alec. Then she chooses to be together with Angle. At last, Angle forgives Tess. Tess uses her life to prove her love for Angle. As the hero of the novel, the tragic fate of Tess is analyzed by many scholars from the view of the natural environment and the talks. They have made great success. So the analysis of Tess’s tragic fate will be abandon and ideas will be analyzed from Tess’s appearance, living environment and social background to show Tess’ s rebellious spirit. At last, ideas will be analyzed the ideas that the author really wants to show according to the Tess’s rebellious spirit. The article aims to make the readers really realize the practical significance of against the oppression of capitalism of the era, a false religious and corrupt laws, and represents a desire for women’s rights and equality between men and women which Hardy wants to express. 来*自-优=尔,论:文+网www.youerw.com