2 Different Concepts of Etiquette 

Western etiquette is a set of customs and rules for polite behavior which are different from Chinese rituals, such as table manners and social etiquettes。 These rituals are different from common rituals in China。 Etiquette is a code of conduct that defines the expectations of social behavior which is based on modern, traditional norms in society。 Around 1750, the French word, étiquette, literally represents a label, which is used in modern English。 The etiquette changes with the times。论文网

2。1 The Concept of Etiquette in Western Countries

Then the history of western etiquette is here。 In the 3rd millennium BC, Ptahhotep wrote The Maxims of Ptahhotep。 In this book, the highest personality is the rules, including authenticity, self-control and goodness of civil servants。 Trying their best to avoid fighting with others should not be thought as weakness。 The book emphasizes the pursuit of justice。 Besides, some claims optional standards which refer to their own behavior, such as how to choose the right master and how to serve the right master well。 Others teach the right way to lead citizens to have open and kind minds。 Greed is the foundation of all evil, which should be vigilant。

Baldassare Castiglione (Italian, December 6, 1478 – February 2, 1529), is an Italian Lord, and famous Renaissance writer。 His authorship of The Book of the Courtier maybe is the most famous work。 This work is an example of a polite book that deals with rituals and moral issues that are very influential in the courts of the sixteenth century。

During the Age of Enlightenment, a conscious courtesy of norms and behaviors became a symbol of the superior members of the upper classes。 The high-end middle class begins to recognize themselves through the use of artistic preferences and behavioral standards。 They focus on precise ritual rules, such as the methods of expressing emotions, elegant dresses and conversations, and polite behaviors towards women。 The influence of these is a series of articles on the polite nature of business。 Shaftesbury defines courtesy as the company's delightful art。 Courtesy can be defined as a flexible management of our words and actions, so that others have a better view of themselves。

2。2 The Concept of Etiquette in China

Etiquette is the code that governs social behaviors。 Etiquette is an unwritten code that evolves from written rules。 It usually reflects the social or traditional behavioral theory。 Like “culture”, the meaning of the word grows with the times, especially in multi-ethnic societies。 Therefore, it is possible for people to have different kinds of etiquette and to realize that their own standards may not be suitable for all kinds of societies。 Rituals define and restrict the ways which people communicate with each other and express respect for others in accordance with social norms。 When prehistoric people began to communicate with each other, they learned to make life easier and more enjoyable。 Etiquette also has some practical purposes。 The early civilization developed the rules of appropriate social behaviors。 As far as we all know, etiquette depends on culture。 And any good ritual which is suitable for one society will be shocked in another society。 

Confucius is a Chinese saint, politician and philosopher whose theory emphasizes the moral and correct social relations。 Deeply rooted in Chinese society, people should belong to and meet the needs of a unit, whether family, political party or organization。 The family is the focus of most Chinese life。 However, today's young people are rapidly modernizing by wearing blue jeans and sunglasses, drinking cola and driving motorcycles, which make the older generation disappointed。 (王烨，2015: 35-38)文献综述

China is the only country which Chinese culture continues to exist from the age of four ancient civilizations and has established a glorious visualization of the landscaping country。 Modern Chinese characters “Li Yi” is the same compound word with two words, and has many related meanings, which leads to various English translations, including etiquette, manners, customs and so on。 Yi may mean right, appropriate, grace and so on。 (Net。1)