摘    要    自从框架效应被提出来，一直是决策领域的研究热点之一。在不同问题呈现形式或表述形式下，做出的不同选择差异，称之为框架效应。因此研究框架效应能够为决策者做出理性决策提供一定的理论依据和实践指导。本研究主要探究人们在决策时后的情绪以及自身认知水平对框架效应的影响。120名被试被随机分配到不同的情绪启动（积极情绪，中性情绪，消极情绪）以及框架价态（积极、消极）的决策故事情境中，每个被试均会面对三种类型（生命、金钱和时间）的故事情境。研究结果包括：（1）负框架价态的被试得分明显高于正框架价态下的被试得分（t(118)=-8。40，p=0。01<0。05）。（2）三种情绪启动下，被试的得分差异不显著[F(2,58)=0。19,p=0。83>0。05]。（3）不同认知水平的被试得分差异不显著（t(28)=1。24，p=0。22>0。05）。（4）情绪启动类型F＝0。69，p＝0。51>0。05，说明情绪启动类型的主效应不显著，即三种情绪启动类型下，被试得分差异不显著；认知水平F＝2。80，p＝0。11>0。05，表明认知水平的主效应不显著，即不同认知水平的被试框架效应得分差异不显著；情绪启动类型与认知水平交互作用不显著F＝3。16，p＝0。61>0。05。 89976

Abstract Since the framing effect has been proposed, it has been one of the hot topics in the field of decision making。 In the form or form of presentation of different problems, the difference of the different choices is called the frame effect。 Therefore, we can provide some theoretical basis and practical guidance for decision makers to make rational decisions。 This study mainly explores the influence of people's emotion and cognitive level on the framing effect。 120 subjects were randomly assigned to different priming (positive emotion, negative emotion and neutral emotion, frame) valence (positive and negative) decision situations, each participant will face three types (life, time and money) stories。 The results are as follows: (1) the subjects with negative frame valence state were significantly higher than those in the positive frame state (t (118) =-8。40, p=0。01<0。05)。 (2) under the condition of three kinds of emotion priming, the scores of the subjects were not significantly different [F (2,58) =0。19, p=0。83>0。05]。 (3) there was no significant difference in the scores of subjects with different cognitive levels (t (28) =1。24, p=0。22>0。05)。 (4) priming type F = 0。69, P = 0。51>0。05, indicating priming type main effect is not significant, namely three kinds of emotion priming types, test scores were not significant; the cognitive level of F = 2。80, P = 0。11>0。05, showed that the main effect of cognitive level is not significant, i。e。 different cognitive levels are try framing effect score difference was not significant; priming type and cognitive level of interaction was not significant for F = 3。16, P = 0。61>0。05。 

毕业论文关键词：框架效应；情绪；认知水平；决策

    Keyword: framing effect；emotion；cognitive level；making-decision

目    录

摘  要 2

Abstract 2

1引言 4

1。1框架效应 4

1。2情绪 4

1。3认知水平 5

2方法 6

2。1被试及其安排 6

2。2材料 6

2。2。1认知需要量表 6

2。2。2决策情境故事