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摘要：本实验的内容为多肽制药企业乙腈废液回收再利用。乙腈是一种重要的有机化工原料，由于其能溶解多种有机、无机和气体物质，与水和醇无限互溶，目前在石油工业、油脂工业、医药、农药、染料以及香料等领域得到了广泛的应用，同时高纯乙腈也可作为分析试剂用于高压液相色谱分析。随着科学技术的日益发展，在实际生产过程中，乙腈的应用日趋广泛，乙腈回收利用也受到越来越高的重视。目前乙腈的几种分离方法复杂、设备成本高而且分离效率低，能耗高、乙腈收率低，因此需要改变工艺方法降低分离成本，提高乙腈收率。在本实验中,以二氯甲烷为萃取剂，以不同比例与乙腈废液混合，并进行时间不等的搅拌和不同时间的静置，取下层萃取相进行蒸馏并精馏，收集并测定馏分的含量及水分。其次，对整个实验进行物料恒算，得出最佳方案。即当二氯甲烷与乙腈废液的混合比例（体积比）为1.2：1，且混合液搅拌2小时，整体静置2小时时萃取效果最佳，为最优萃取精馏条件，此时乙腈的回收率最高。
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关键词： 乙腈废液；回收再利用；不同比例；不同时间4278
The acetonitrile wastewater recycling of Polypeptide pharmaceutical companies
Abstract: The content of this experiment is draft the acetonitrile wastewater recycling of Polypeptide pharmaceutical companies. Acetonitrile is an important organic chemical raw materials widely used in fields of the oil industry, grease industry, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and spices etc , high purity acetonitrile can also be used as analytical reagents used for the analysis of high preasure liquid chromatography because it can dissolve a variety of organic, inorganic and gas, and infinitely miscible with water and alcohol. With the development of science and technology,, acetonitrile is used more and more widely, acetonitrile recovery has attracted more and more attention in the actual production process. At present, several separation methods of acetonitrile are complex and cost much with low separation efficiency and high energy consumption, low yield, so we need to change the process to reduce the cost, improve the yield of acetonitrile. In this experiment, we will use dichloromethane as extraction and mixed with acetonitrile in different proportions,then stir and let stand for different time, take the lower phase extraction distillation and distillation, collect and determine its content and water fraction. Secondly, the experiment of material balance, the optimum scheme. The extraction effect is best when methylene chloride and acetonitrile waste liquid is mixed with the volume ratio 1.2, then stired as a whole for 2 hours and let stand for 2 hours. At this time we call it the optimal extractive distillation conditions, for the acetonitrile recovery rate is highest.
Keywords: acetonitrile wastewater ; recycling; different proportions; different time
目 录
1总论 1
1.1 概论1
1.2 萃取剂的选择4
1.3 实验试剂及仪器4
1.4试剂性质 . 5
1.4.1 二氯甲烷5
1.4.2 高锰酸钾5
1.4.3 氢氧化钠5
2实验方案 .6
2.1从废水中萃取乙腈6
2.2 精馏回收乙腈6
2.3 实验步骤7
2.3.1 原料乙腈的组成7
2.3.2 萃取剂的组成7
2.3.3 乙腈回收的实验步骤7
2.3.4 实验装置图.9
2.4 实验数据的计算10
2.4.1 实验数据的记录.10
2.4.2 萃取分离总收率ε1的计算10
2.4.3 二氯甲烷回收率ε2的计算 .11
2.4.4 乙腈回收率的计算.11
3 实验内容与结果分析 13
3.1 实验第一阶段.13
3.1.1 实验一.13
3.1.2 实验二.14
3.1.3 实验三.14
3.1.4 结果与讨论.15