摘要：随着经济和科学技术的发展，汽车走近了百姓的家庭，汽车给我们带来便捷的同时，各种各样的事故也层出不穷，其中追尾、泊车时倒车的碰撞则占据了相当大部分比例。为了能够解决此类问题，本文设计了基于单片机的倒车防撞系统。采用低功耗低成本STC89C52单片机，利用其定时器来计算超声波从发射到接收的往返时间，据此算出实际测量的距离。通过LCD1602显示所测得的距离，检测距离小于所设置的报警距离时，实时播放距离的语音来提醒使用人员。该语音报警的倒车防撞系统具有成本低、易控制、工作可靠、测距准确度高等优点,具有一定的理论与实用价值。91653

毕业论文关键词：单片机STC89C52，超声波，倒车防撞

Abstract：With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the car is approaching more and more families。 With the convenience of the car at the same time, all kinds of accidents are endless, including rear end collision, reversing the collision is a large proportion of the proportion。

In order to solve this problem, this paper introduces the anti-collision system based on micro control system 51 Series : by the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer with low power consumption and low cost control timer, the calculation of the ultrasonic wave from the receiver to the round-trip time, thereby calculating the measured distance。 Through LCD1602 display the measured distance, when the detected distance is less than the distance set, real-time playback of the voice to remind the use of personnel to pay attention to security。 The anti-collision system with low cost, easy to control, reliable work and high accuracy, has some theoretical and practical value。

Keywords：STC89C52, ultrasonic wave, reverse collision

目 录

1 绪论 4

1。1 课题研究意义 4

1。2 课题研究现状 4

2 总体设计 5

2。1 总体设计要求 5

2。2 方案选择 5

2。2。1 主控芯片的选择方案 5

2。2。2 测距模块的选择方案 5

2。2。3 显示模块的选择方案 6

3 系统硬件电路设计 6

3。1 整体方案设计 6

3。2 单片机最小系统电路 7

3。3 超声波测距电路 9

3。3。1 HC-SR04工作原理 9

3。3。2 超声波模块电路 10

3。4 按键模块 11

3。5 液晶显示电路 11

3。5。1 LCD1602简介 11

3。5。2