摘要：伴随着汽车工业飞速发展和汽车保有量的提高，一系列交通问题也随之而来。因此对汽车安全问题的探讨显得尤为重要。本系统主要使用CAN总线技术来完成对车辆的安全监测设计开发。

本设计主要分为三个部分。分别为下位机数据采集部分，数据通信部分和上位机显示部分。下位机节点主要使用了DHT11温湿度传感器，应变式压力传感器，超声波测距传感器对行车中车辆个数据进行采集。数据通信部分主要通过CAN总线来对数据进行传输，将下位机节点数据进行标识并传送到上位机。上位机部分选择PC机作为上位机，将收集到的数据用labview进行显示，对数据超过警戒线时，则会产生相应的报警。

本系统主要实现的功能为1、监测车辆水箱温度是否过高；2、车窗湿度是否影响驾驶员对道路的观察进；3、前后车车距是否安全；4、座位上是否有乘客以及安全带的佩戴的情况；5、发动机启动时车门是否关闭。

关键词：CAN总线；汽车安全；安全监测；超声波测距；温湿度传感器

Abstract：With the rapid development of the automobile industry and the increase in car ownership, a series of traffic problems also follow. Therefore, it is very important to discuss the safety of automobile. The system uses CAN bus technology to complete the vehicle safety monitoring design and development.

The design is pided into three parts. Respectively, for the lower computer data acquisition part, the data communication part and the host computer display part. The lower machine node mainly uses DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, strain gauge pressure sensor, ultrasonic distance measurement sensor to collect the data in the vehicle. Data communication part mainly through the CAN bus to the data transmission, the next crew node data identification and transmission to the host computer. PC selected PC as the host computer, the collected data will be displayed with the labview, the data exceeds the cordon, it will produce the corresponding alarm.

The main function of the system to achieve 1, to monitor the vehicle tank temperature is too high; 2, whether the impact of the windows on the driver's observation of the road into the road; 3, before and after the car is safe; 4, whether the seat of passengers and seat belts Of the situation; 5, the engine starts when the door is closed.

Keywords: CAN   bus;vehicle   safety;   safety   monitoring;   ultrasonic    ranging; temperature and humidity sensor

目录

第一章绪论11.1研究背景和意义1

1.2国内外的研究现状和存在问题1

1.2.1国内外汽车安全技术现状与存在问题1

1.2.2CAN总线的研究发展2

1.3主要研究内容3

1.4本文的结构3

1.5本章小结4

第二章车辆安全监测相关技术介绍-52.1微处理器5

2.2车辆监测系统分析5

2.2.1超声波测距6

2.2.2温度采集7

2.2.3压力采集7

2.3车辆总线传输分析7

2.3.1现场总线介绍7

2.3.2几种现场总线对比8

2.3.3CAN总线相关知识-8

2.4本章小结-11

第三章车辆安全监测系统硬件设计-12

3.1系统总体结构12

3.2主控芯片-13

3.3数据采集模块的设计-14

3.3.1车门关闭状态监测-14

3.3.2乘客监测模块-14

3.3.3车距采集模块-15

3.3.4温度采集模块-16

3.4通信模块-19

第四章系统软件设计-22

4.1系统软件总体设计22

4.2开发软件keilc51-23

4.3各节点软件设计-24

4.3.1车门关闭监测设计-24

4.3.2乘客监测设计-24