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灭火器主要用于扑救初起火灾。本设计中火灾类型主要为A类火灾，同时存在E类火灾，设计配置磷酸铵盐干粉手提式灭火器（MF/ABC5），最小配置灭火级别为3A，手提式灭火器的最大保护距离为15m，依据保护面积和灭火级别设置灭火器的设置点和数量。
本设计总结商务楼这类型的建筑火灾安全隐患的重点和可能发生的事故类型以及区域的消防系统设计。在设计期间，通过学校图书馆、上海图书馆、网络书库、期刊等查找各方面与消防有关的资料，并查阅相关设计规范和设计手册，最终完成了此次此次某商务楼建筑的消防设计。6197
关键词： 商务楼；消防设计；火灾隐患分析；防排烟系统；消火栓系统；火灾自动报警系统；灭火器配置
Fire hazard and fire protection system design of business service building
Design Notes：Business service building is a kind of multi-functional site for business activities and working activities, including store, shopping mall, supermarket, and offices etc. Business service building belongs to people-intensive type of public places, so fire fighting and protection becomes a major means of safety-prevention of business service building. The prevention of business service building fire, especially fire with mass death and damage will be the most important security works at present and for a long period in future.
This paper does research on contents as follow, (1) the background and significance of this paper; (2) analysis of hidden fire danger in business service building; (3) fire control system design for a business service building; (4) general layout of fire control; (5) partition of fire control design; (6) smoke control design; (7) fire water supply system design; (8) automatically spray fire distinguish system; (9)fire automatically alarm system; (10) fire extinguisher.
The objective of this design is a business service building. This building locates in Chang Ning District, Shanghai, with convenient transportation. The construction area of this business service building is 11570.5 m²; base construction area is 2276.5 m². This building consists of 7 floors above the ground, and a floor under the ground, with a total height of 36 m. Therefore, this building belongs to high-rise building. The service life period of this building is 50 years. This building combines business and office into a public building, with the first and second floors for commercial use, and third to seventh floors for working use.
This design mainly involves the standard" code for fire protection design of buildings" GB50016-2006," fire protection design of tall buildings" GB50045-95," for design of automatic fire alarm system," GB50116-98" code for design of sprinkler systems," GB50084-2001" code for Design Regulations on fire prevention in garage, repair shop, and parking lot", " GB50140-2005" code for design of architectural specification extinguisher. Main references of The design includes " building fire protection design", "automatic water spraying fire extinguishing system design manual", "high-rise building fire protection design handbook", "building fire protection technology" and other books, and a large number of books in the Library Journal, many fire engineering design data, a large amount of information and knowledge has been collected from library.
The general layout of fire control of this building involves the identification of fire-resistance rating, fireproof distance and lane for fire-fighting. In accordance with some regulations and rules, this building has been rated as the first class public building, and its fire-resistance rating as the first level, the fireproof distance between this building and other high-rise buildings should be 9m, while between this building and other residence and podium should be 6m.
The general layout of fire control of this building mainly designs the fire-proof part and smoke-proof part inside this building. In accordance with national regulations and rules, this design involves the fire-proof pision inside the underground garage and functional pision inside each other floor. In the first place, aiming at a business service building, this design does a smoke-proof design. In line with the general layout draft of this building, this paper finishes the design of smoke-proof system of this building, including rating the fire-proof rank in line with the structure and layout of this building, separating fire-proof pision and smoke-proof pision, selecting proper fire-discharge method, calculating and making sure the pressure of smoke-discharging machine, designing proper mechanical smoke-discharging method to places where have the demand of mechanical smoke-discharge, selecting proper smoke-charging volume, calculating the area of proper smoke-discharging hole and the cross-sectional area of the air hose. At last, it arranges the hose and net of smoke-proof and smoke-discharge, and selects proper amount and layout of draught fans.
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