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毕业论文关键词： 防火防爆设计；火灾危险性；轮胎生产；防爆电气设备
Fire and Explosion Proof Design of Tire Plant
Abstract：In modern manufacturing and daily life, fire and explosion disaster has become one of the major disasters. Fire disasters have the characteristic of high frequency and massive loss, and the loss of explosion disasters are even more severe. In order to prevent and control fire and explosion disaster, we have to learn the patterns of their occurrence, expanding, and spreading, and the technics and methods to control them.
After several decades of development, a relatively fully developed tire industrial system has formed in China. In the last few years, along with the rapid development of car industry, the vehicle performance of high-speed, safety, fuel efficiency and comfort, difficult manufacturing technique, fashionable tire pattern on the side, and well functional tire pattern design, represent advanced tire manufacturing and quality level in the world nowadays. Now the tire manufacturing technique is very complicated, and requires very high technical demanding. The process of tire manufacture could be separated into six major techniques including banburying, preparing, molding, vulcanization, inspection, and testing. The major ingredients of the mixing raw material are rubber, carbon black, and various auxiliary chemicals. The proportion of each ingredients vary with different tire performance. In the process of deal with the mixture, rolling is extruding the rubber piece, and making it pre-bond with steel wires and cord fabric; extrusion is extruding tread and combining them. After this step, the product is already a glazed tire. After that, giving pressure and high temperature to make the pattern of the tire. Finally, vulcanize it, and inspect the product.
After several field researches of the target company, and large amount of lecture reviewing, the six steps and their characteristics of the tire manufacturing company, is well-known. Because of this, we start understanding that the fire risk of such a company is not in the end product of tires or carbon black and sulphur in the storage, we thought in the beginning, but the frequent use of No. 120 solvent gasoline during the cutting molding stage.
This design is the fire-proof and explosion-proof design specifically for tire manufacturing company. Through the understanding of the process of tire manufacturing technique, and the chemical and physical property of raw material and products, this design analyze and determine the main peril of the process, and identify the source of danger. According the demanding of manufacturing and living in the factory, partition the whole factory area into manufacturing area, storage area, living area, and ancillary facilities area. Using the Code for Fire Protection Design of Petrochemical Enterprises (GB50160-2008) and Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GB50016-2006) to determine the type of fire danger in each manufacturing process and storage area. Depending on the current situation of the field and requirement of production, fully utilize current condition to save cost, and partition without changing original design. Using Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GB50016-2006) to determine the position of the main buildings and spacing between them. Since the original design of the factory is from 1989, several code and standard have been updated, so the original one cannot meet the code nowadays. Comparing the original fire protection spacing and the results of this design, summarize all unqualified spots, and give some suggestions. Add fire protection and explosive protection into production area and storage area. In production area, there is no explosive factor, but high possibility of fire, so design a workshop with fire extinguish. Then choose one workshop in the storage area that is under explosive threat. Using the explosion and fire dangerous environment electrical device design specification to analyze the major way of the explosive threat and major protective electrical equipment. Choose the factory under threat of explosives and calculate the Explosion venting area, then choose the venting method.