水稻株高和穗长的QTL定位
毕业论文关键词：水稻；株高；穗长；QTL
Analysis of QTL for Plant Height and Panicle Length in Rice
Abstract：The plant height and panicle length are important traits in rice (Oryza sativa). To understand the genetic base of rice plant height (PH) and panicle length (PL) better， we selected japonica germplasm， Jiaobai to cross with a indica Saber， to construct F2 segregating population for genetics and QTL analysis. A total of 4 QTLs for plant height and 1 QTL for panicle length were identified. Two QTLs were located on the same genome region of chromosome 9 between SSR markers RM556 and RM1189， with explained 35.8518% and 33.7954% phenotypic variation for plant height and panicle length， respectively， and it’s maybe a new QTL. One QTL， 1.33M far away from sd1， was located on chromosome 1 between SSR markers RM3482 and RM5536， the LOD is 4.4089， and the rate of contribution is 14.1075%. One QTL for plant height was located on chromosome 2 between SSR K17 and K24， the LOD is 2.9257， and the rate of contribution is 8.4012%.What’s more， one QTL for panicle was located on chromosome 4 between SSR Y28 and RM1155， the LOD is 5.5674， and the rate of contribution is 16.5596%.
Key words：Rice；Plant height；Panicle length；QTL
目 录
摘要2
关键词2
Abstract…2
Key words2
引言…2
1材料与方法…3
1.1试验材料 …3
1.2试验设计…3
1.3试验方法…4
1.3.1表型鉴定4
1.3.2基因型鉴定及定位分析4
2结果与分析5
2.1亲本茭白稻、Saber，及F2群体株高、穗长性状的比较…5
2.2 F2群体株高和穗长性状的QTL定位5
3讨论7
3.1 QTL定位结果比较…7
3.2 QTL的多效性…7
致谢…8
参考文献8
水稻株高和穗长的QTL定位
引言：
水稻是世界上重要的粮食作物，经过矮化育种和杂交育种两次技术革新，水稻产量已经有了大幅度的增长。然而全球水稻种植面积自20世纪80年代早期以来却有下降的趋势，为保证全球粮食安全，水稻的单位产量必须进一步提高。水稻的株高和穗长是影响水稻产量的两个重要农艺性状，其遗传与发育机制一直是水稻育种家和分子生物学家研究的热点之一[1，2]。
目前普遍认为，水稻的高秆对矮秆是显性的[3]。传统水稻品种为高杆，生产中容易出现倒伏，造成大幅度减产。“绿色革命”中半矮秆水稻的推广使得全球水稻单位产量大幅度提高。但目前生产中应用大部分仍是sd1基因，遗传背景单一，同时sd1基因与一些不良性状，如丛生、细秆、露节、小粒等连锁很紧密。据不完全统计，目前已经鉴定到的与水稻株高相关的QTL已达1100个以上，已克隆的基因有140多个，但带有新矮秆基因的品种由于农艺性状较差，目前还不能大面积推广。因此发掘更多的水稻矮秆、半矮秆QTL在生产中有重要的意义[4]，有利于更多基因的发现。