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II.The Functions of Lead-in
2.1Creating a Comfortable Environment
A well-designed lead -in can create a comfortable conditions. It stimulates students to draw their attention, focues on the lesson in a short time. Students can improve their learning ability in such an environment. At the beginning of class, the student can not tear themselves away from the after-class activities, they can not set up a good study atmosphere. Lead-in can act as an effective way for students to get a clear idea of the aims of a new lesson. It is studied that teachers affect students’ behavior greatly when students know what their teachers expect them to do in advance. So knowing the studying aims for the lesson can make students consolidate the key points in the following tasks and make sure the students are devoted to the class all the time. Such well-designed lead-in can create a comfortable and authentic environment to draw students’ attention focused on the lesson in a short time.
2.2 Inspiring Students’ interest
A successfully lead-in can arouse students interest and motivation in study. What is interest? Psychology research shows unintelligence factors play great restriction function. Then we have to highly stress on learners’ interest. One American psychologist says that the best excitation for study is the interest in learning material. That can control the whole class and improve the teaching quality. Interest is the key for learning foreign language very well. If a middle school student has a strong interest in study, he will not regard the study as the heavy burden, he will more active and get pleasure in the process. Interest is the best teacher. A middle school teacher who lead the effective activities must cause students have good interest and motivation. A smart lead-in is of great significance. If the students are motivated to focus the enthusiastic and energy, they will devote to themselves in the whole teaching process.
2.3 Forming a Connection of the Knowledge
At last, lead-in can form a connection in English class. In 1996, it is put forward that lead-in is a very important link, which may happen at the beginning, also can be through the whole teaching. On one hand, lead-in is very important to make students to form a connection between the old and new knowledge in English class. lead-in can get students review the old knowledge, stimulate them to accumulate the important language points they have learned previously. It will help set up the connection between the old and new knowledge. On the other hand, lead-in gets students to understand some background information before learning new lesson. Sometimes at the beginning of class, the teacher often ignores the background knowledge. Background knowledge refers to the knowledge that the learners have acquired and studied. It should get the students to initiate some background information connected with the new lesson. This will help students grasp the key point and understand better in new lessons. While the lead-in is the best form to give background information.
III. The Fundamental Principles Lead-in Teaching
The development of anything is dominated by special regulations, The various steps of English teaching are also dominated by their own fundamebtal peinciples. A successful lead-in must follow some principles. In order to make lead-in step proper and effective, there are following principles of lead-in:
3.1 Purpose
By purpose means students will know the subject and aims of the whole new class through lead-in. The art of successful education lies in making students clear the aim what you will teach. Lead-in must have a strong purpose to ensure students to know what to learn, how to learn and why to learn. When students are sailing in the ocean of knowledge the aim is the beacon. That means if students know the aim of class, they are more likely to concentrate their mind. In order to achieve the aim of enhancing the teaching efficiency, a will lead-in should be related with the main purpose of lesson.