If we didn’t have those various translations to help us understand, the translated poems and sonnets can’t remain the complete image under the different cultural background。 This essay will analyze images from several common kinds of image, try to change abstraction into concreteness, and examine ways to exchange and translation between Chinese and English poems and sonnets。 

2．Chapter Two  Theoretical Framework of this Study

2。1 Brief Introduction of Chinese translation methods in poems

Generally speaking, from the perspective of form, there are four methods of poetry translation: 

(1)Literal translation

Literal translation means an adequate representation of the original version。 When literal translation appears, the Chinese version strictly corresponds to the original language in the sense of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical device。

   Literal translation may be defined as having the following characteristics:

①literal translation takes sentences as its basic units and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translating。

②literal translation strives to reproduce both the ideological content and style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the figures of speech and such main sentence structures or patterns as SV, SVO,  SVC, SVA, SVOO, SVOC, SVOA  formulated by Randolph Quirk, one of the authors of the book A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language。（杨莉藜，1993）

(2) Free translation来*自~优|尔^论:文+网www.youerw.com +QQ752018766*

Free translation is also called liberal translation, which does not obey strictly to the form or sequence of the original poetry。 

Free translation may be defined as a supplementary means to mainly convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence patterns or figures of speech。 And it is adopted only when and where it is really impossible for translators to do literal translation。 (刘重德，1991)。

(3) Domesticating translation

Domesticating translation provides the fluency of poetry and sometimes produces the misconception of transparency。 It creates a sense of functional equivalence, which aims at complete expressing the idea of fluency strategy。 It is target culture language oriented, which provides a natural style to produce a similar effect or a response between the readers who read the translation version and those who read the original version。 It gets over the linguistic and cultural differences by domesticating them。