摘要二取代氰胺化合物是一类能解离出氰基正离子的新型亲电氰基化试剂，具有廉价易得、安全无毒、制取方便且在反应中活泼位点固定，不易发生副反应等优点，近年来已经开始引起研究者的广泛关注，并成功应用于芳香腈的合成中。60120

本文设计合成了两种二取代氰胺化合物，并尝试用于氰基化反应。对反应条件、催化体系以及各种可能的潜在亲核底物进行了探索。首先将其应用于Lewis酸催化的吲哚及其衍生物的C-3位氰基化反应中，得到了较好的催化反应条件。为了拓展该氰基化试剂的适用范围，对苯硼酸、芳香胺等多种亲核底物的氰基化反应条件进行了进一步探索研究。反应过程中使用TLC、GC等检测手段跟踪反应进程，并对所得目标产物进行了1H NMR及13C NMR表征。

毕业论文关键词： 二取代氰胺化合物  氰基化反应  Lewis酸  

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title        The study on cyanation reactions     

Abstract

Disubsituted cyanamide compounds are a kind of novel electrophilic cyanating reagents which could generate cyano-positive ions. Due to their convenient-preparation, safe-application and bench-stable features, disubsituted cyanamide compounds have been widely used as effective reagents in developing less toxicity as well as environmentally benign cyanation process in the preparation of aryl nitriles.

In this paper, two disubsituted cyanamide compounds were synthesized. Meanwhile, we tried to employ these compounds as the cyanide source in cyanation reations, focusing on desirable conditions, catalytic systems as well as potential nucleophilic substrates. First, these cyanation reagents were applied successfully to lewis acid catalyzed C-3 direct cyanation of indole and its derivatives. Other nucleophilic substrates, such as phenylboronic acid, aromatic amines were also investigated to further extend the scope of application in cyanation reaction. In addition, the reactions were tracked by TLC and the desired products were characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR.

Key words  Disubsituted cyanamide compounds, cyanation, lewis acid

1 绪论 1

1.1  氰基化合物的应用 1

1.2  氰基化反应研究现状 3

1.2.1  氰基化反应方法概述 3

1.2.2  氰基化试剂 5

1.3  本课题的研究背景和内容 10

1.3.1  课题研究意义 10

1.3.2  课题研究内容 10

2．二取代氰胺化合物的制备 11

2.1  实验仪器设备及试剂 11

2.1.1  实验仪器设备及材料 11

2.1.2  实验主要试剂 11

2.2  实验方法和内容 12

2.2.1  N-苯基-N-对甲苯磺酰基氰胺的合成 12

2.2.2  N-苄基-N-对甲苯磺酰基氰胺的合成 12

2.3  实验结果与讨论 13

2.3.1 底物种类对反应的影响 13

2.3.2 溶剂种类对反应的影响 14

2.4  反应机理解释 14

2.5  产物结构表征及图谱分析