摘要：近年来随着经济的迅速发展，工人工资的上涨使制造企业面临的压力越来越大，这就对企业生产效率的提升提出了要求，因此如何提高生产线的总体效率，减少在制品，加快资金流转成了企业面临的首要问题，因此进行生产线平衡研究刻不容缓。本文以在南京德朔实业有限公司的实习为基础，对该公司电机车间某生产线进行研究，从工艺流程以及流程程序入手，整体把握生产线，随后对各工位进行时间研究，接着利用作业分析、动作分析等IE工具进行研究，利用鱼骨图结合层次分析法分析瓶颈工序的主要问题，并针对形成瓶颈的主要原因进行相应的改善。而在作业流程优化方面，则同时运用5W1H提问技术和ECRS原则进行改善。在产品的需求量发生变化时，人员的配置也会相应的改变，这时瓶颈也会移动，人员的优化也就要重新进行。瓶颈的改善使整条线的生产能力得到提高，而作业流程优化则使作业人员得到精简，这样整条产线的生产效率得到了提高。在文章的最后总结了一套生产线平衡研究可推广的固定模式，供企业改善参考。

关键词：生产线平衡；工作研究；瓶颈；层次分析法；作业流程优化

Research on Dynamic Line Balance Based on Bottleneck

Abstract:With the rapid development of economy in recent years, the rising in wages makes the manufacturing enterprise facing more and more pressures, this requires enterprise to improve the production effiency. Therefore, how to improve the overall efficiency of the production line, reduce the working in process, speed up the flow of funds has become the primary problem for enterprise. This paper is based on our practice in Nanjing Chervon Industrial Co., Ltd. A production line of the company's motor shop is studied. We started at process flow and the process program to grasp the production line overally. Then we carry out time study. Then using IE tools such as job analysis, movement analysis to go on. We use Fishbone Diagram and Analytic Hierarchy Process to analyse the main problems of bottleneck, and we improve the bottleneck according to the main reasons. while the optimization of operation process is applied to the improvement of the 5W1H question technique and the ECRS principle. When the demand for the product changes, the configuration of the personnel changes accordingly, the bottleneck also moves, and the person's optimization should be redone. The reform of the bottleneck can improve the production capacity of the whole line, and process optimization make the homework personnel to be streamlined, so that the whole production line production efficiency is also improved. At the end of the paper, we summarize a set of fixed models that can be promoted in the line balance problem for enterprises’ reference.

Keywords: Line Balance; Work Study; Bottleneck; Analytical Hierarchy Process; Workflow optimization

目录

1.绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究综述 2

1.3研究内容与研究思路 4

1.3.1主要研究内容 4

1.3.2本文的研究思路与方法 5

2．相关理论基础 6

2.1生产线平衡 6

2.1.1生产线平衡率计算公式 7

2.1.2平滑性指数SI 7

2.1.3生产线平衡的意义 7

2.1.4生产线平衡原则 7

2.1.5生产线不平衡改善方法