摘要：当今世界，机械运动往往伴随着能量损耗。其中大多数机械运动中的能量损耗，都是由于摩擦而消耗的。缸套活塞环是柴油机中一对关键的摩擦副，因此要想能够减少能量损失，就要对缸套活塞环的摩擦磨损特性进行研究。但是现在的摩擦磨损试验机无法实现在交变载荷下，对缸套活塞环的摩擦磨损特性进行测试，因此需要设计一个能够测试在交变载荷下的缸套活塞环摩擦磨损特性的一个摩擦磨损试验机。

本课题设计了一台专用于ZS1105柴油机缸套活塞环的交变载荷摩擦磨损试验机，其中运动机构通过曲柄滑块机构实现电机、连杆和试件三者之间的运动联系。设计了专门对缸套活塞环进行定位夹紧的专用夹具。通过电磁加载方式来实现任意形式的交变载荷，通过横梁的杠杆作用来对试件施加。通过电热棒，热电偶对温度进行控制和测量，通过应变片测量摩擦力，通过变频器实现速度的调节，并对试验机的各个部分进行了详细的选型设计。最终实现对缸套活塞环这一摩擦副在不同交变载荷以及温度和速度情况下的摩擦磨损实验。

关键词：缸套-活塞环；摩擦磨损；试验机；交变载荷

Abstract：In today's world, Mechanical motion is often accompanied by energy loss. Most of the mechanical energy losses are due to friction. Cylinder liner piston ring is a pair of key friction pairs in diesel engine, so it is necessary to study the friction and wear characteristics of cylinder liner and piston ring in order to reduce energy loss.  But now the friction wear testing machine can not be achieved in the alternating load test on the friction and wear characteristics of piston ring, it is necessary to design a friction and wear characteristics of cylinder piston ring tests under cyclic loading of a friction wear testing machine.

This thesis designs a dedicated ZS1105 diesel engine piston ring alternating load friction wear testing machine movement among motion mechanism through the slider crank mechanism to achieve motor, connecting rod and a specimen of the three. A special fixture for locating and clamping the cylinder piston ring is designed. Any form of alternating load is realized by electromagnetic loading, and the test piece is exerted by the lever action of the cross beam. Through the electric heating rod, the thermocouple for temperature measurement and control, through the tension  sensor for measuring friction, by adjusting the speed of the inverter, and each part of the testing machine for the selection of design in detail. Finally, the friction and wear tests of the friction pairs of cylinder liner and piston ring under different alternating load, temperature and speed are achieved.

Keywords: Cylinder liner piston ring; friction and wear; test machine；Alternating load

第一章绪论 1

1.1摩擦学 1

1.1.1摩擦学概念及综述 1

1.1.3几个重要的概念 2

1.1.4摩擦学发展趋势 3

1.2摩擦磨损试验和摩擦磨损试验机 4

1.2.1摩擦磨损试验的目的及意义 4

1.2.2摩擦磨损试验的分类 5

1.2.3摩擦磨损试验机的功能 6

1.2.4试验机的试件及其运动情况 6

1.2.5几种常用的摩擦磨损试验机 7

1.3缸套-活塞环简介以及选题意义 12

1.3.1活塞环的结构及功能 12