大豆对细菌性斑疹病抗性鉴定与遗传研究
毕业论文关键词: 大豆；细菌性斑疹病；抗性鉴定；数量性状位点；关联定位
Evaluation and genetic analysis of resistance to bacterial leaf blight in soybeans
Abstract: Bacterial leaf blight is one of the common diseases in soybean production worldwide. It is also a serious disease in Jiang-Huai river valleys and Northeast China, however, the resistance of soybean germplasm to disease strains in this area remains unclear. In the present study, the resistance levels of 284 soybean varieties to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines B523 and C5 strains were evaluated by inoculating both sides of leaves through spray method in field condition and genome-wide association mapping analysis was conducted to reveal te genetic base of the resistance. The results showed that there were significant resistance differences in the sample. A total of 92 and 42 accessions with resistance to B523 and C5 were identified with a ratio of 32.39% and 14.79%, respectively. 31045 SNP markers were used to map QTL for disease resistance, and 48, 47 markers significantly associated with resistance to B523 and C5 were detected respectively. The identified resistant lines and SNP markers could be used in the resistance breeding in soybean.
Key words: Soybean; Bacterial leaf blight; Resistance evaluation; Quantitative trait locus；Association mapping
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1材料与方法2
1.1供试菌株 2
1.2供试大豆及田间试验2
1.3抗性鉴定方法与分级标准 2
1.4关联分析方法2
2 结果与分析3
2.1 大豆种质接种细菌性斑疹病B523和C5菌株的症状反应3
2.2 大豆对细菌性斑疹病B523和C5菌株的抗性表现3
2.3抗病材料的来源与熟期组类型3
2.4 优异抗源筛选 3
2.5 大豆对细菌性斑疹病抗性的关联定位分析 4
3 讨论6
致谢7
参考文献7
大豆对细菌性斑疹病抗性鉴定与遗传研究
大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr）是我国主要的油料作物，在农业经济中占有重要地位[1]。大豆细菌性斑疹病是世界性的病害，主要危害幼苗、叶片、叶柄、茎及豆荚。大豆细菌性斑疹病的病原菌为Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines[2]，典型症状是病斑中央表皮破裂似火山口而呈斑疹状。病斑周围有不明显的黄色晕圈[3]。2004年在新疆伊犁的大豆细菌性斑疹病发病严重，发病率高达85%[4]；在泰国的一些大豆主产区，此病害造成大约40%的减产损失[5]。南方大豆生长季气候温暖湿润，更有利于大豆细菌性斑疹病的发生。而应用抗病品种是控制大豆细菌性斑疹病最有效的方法，因此培育和选育抗病品种尤为重要。此前，郭亚辉等（2011）采用叶背喷雾和上部叶片摩擦接种的方法对142份栽培大豆品种(系)进行抗大豆细菌性斑疹病S1菌株的抗感反应鉴定，结果有24份材料表现为高度抗病,占鉴定总数的16.9%，包括科黄2号、徐州424、南493-1、四粒黄、小白眉、浙江455、天鹅蛋、大粒黄、大金黄、公交5610-2、公交5610-3、牛毛红、吉林2号、吉林7号、延农7号、黑农9号、黑农25、东农5号、合丰15、合丰18、铁丰18、铁丰20等,另有19份材料表现为中度抗病，占13.4%。来自江苏、北京和东北的材料抗性较好[6]。目前，本研究对来自世界各地的284份材料进行接种细菌性斑疹病本地菌株B523和C5鉴定试验，以了解各地大豆种质资源的抗性水平，筛选抗大豆细菌性斑疹病优异抗源，并开展关联定位研究，为抗病育种奠定基础。