In China, tourism has developed fast in the last few decades and China is becoming one of the most welcomed travel destinations, being the largest and most dynamic tourist markets worldwide。 China is a highly-civilized nation and has a splendid history of more than 5000 years。 The broad and extensive Chinese culture creates its unique tourism culture, which ensures the sustainable development of China's tourism industry。 According to the reports of WTO (World Tourism Organization), China is the second most visited destination around the world in 2015。 The international tourism receipts of China reached 114 billion dollars, ranking the second for the year 2015。【1】 It has been expected that, by 2020, China will have become the most popular destination。论文网

With the rapid development of tourism industry and the quick expansion of translation activities in general, Hangzhou, the host city of G20, gains its international fame and reputation rapidly after G20。 It can be foreseen that more and more foreign tourists will visit Hangzhou。 And English as the world most universal language is the bridge that combines the visitors and Chinese culture。 The Chinese to English Hangzhou tourism texts are loaded with most information。 The translation of tourism materials is thriving in China and the study of tourism translation has been flourishing in the recent years, generating a miscellany of relevant works and papers。 However, there exist various problems in the performance of tourism translation practically, and studies of tourism translation up to now theoretically are mainly handicapped by one problem that there are sheer practical reflections without systematic theoretical support。

 For foreign visitors who have a desire to pay a visit to Hangzhou, first obtain the information from the internet, where some of the tourism information puts up, however, if the information there is wrongly translated, which may result in the confusion of a visitor and leaves a bad impression。 Then, when they are visiting Hangzhou, the wrong or abstract translation of tourism brochures and pamphlets may cause language barriers and have wrong understandings towards Hangzhou。 Last but not least, the mistaken translation of the tourist destinations’ introductions can impede the development of cross-cultural communication。 Therefore, it’s crucial to offer a faithful tourism translation text which also can be easily understood by foreign visitors and give them a taste of cultural sense at the same time。

1。2 Significance of the Research文献综述

With the advent of the era of globalization, the world is flat。 The abstract distance between different countries and various cultures is becoming closer and closer。 Interaction in economic, scientific and technological, and cultural areas becomes frequent。 In a variety of interaction and exchange, culture is one important aspect。 One common way in the interaction is through travel, which is a significant bridge for cultural communication。 Thus, travelling has broad effect and long-lasting attraction which can break through geographical, ethnic and religious restrictions to enlighten and foreign visitors。 Hangzhou, a city boasts the name of ‘heaven on earth’, attracting more than three million foreigners abroad。 C-E Hangzhou tourism text, as the carrier of Hangzhou culture and values, is of vital significance。

However, because of different languages, cultural backgrounds and some other reasons, there are still many problems regarding the translation of C-E Hangzhou tourism text。 As a result, it is urgent to improve the quality of translation of C-E Hangzhou tourism text through applying functionalist translation theory。 

Firstly, for the foreign tourists, applying functionalist theory in Hangzhou C-E tourism text is wholesome in improving the ability of them to appreciate and comprehend the history and cultural relics of Hangzhou。 The value of Hangzhou C-E tourism text translation is to make the target readers become integrated in and gain more useful information when travel in Hangzhou through the understandable translation versions。