从目的论的视角看译者在新闻翻译中的主体性
From the Prospective of Skopos theory to see Translators’ Subjectivity in News Translation
Abstract The so called translators’ subjectivity means that the translator, as the main body, exert the initiative and creativity in the translation activity so as to realize the translation purpose under a certain situation。 During the whole translation process, translators not only are the sponsors and the actors of translation, but also have much independence that does not rely on the object。 The primary research task of this paper is to interpret translators’ subjectivity in news translation from the perspective of Skopos theory, thus to further verify the possibility and feasibility of applying Skopos theory to news translation。 According to Skopos theory, each behavior has its own purpose。 There is no exception for translation。 In Skopos theory, translation is a kind of activity with a certain purpose based on the source text, and such certain purpose is the highest criterion during the translation process。 Instead of sticking to the source text, it is the purpose of the translation text that determines which kind of translation strategy should be adopted。 90491
From the prospective of Skopos theory, translators should, under the guidance of the translation purpose, fully exert their initiative and creativity in accepting the source text and recreating the target text。 To some degree, this process highlights translators’ subjectivity。 Respectively, this paper explores the translators’ subjectivity in the following two basic steps: first, select and interpret the source text; second, recreate the target text。 Such kind of subjectivity plays a more obvious and comprehensive role in news translation。 Specifically, this paper explores how the three rules of Skopos theory play their positive roles in guiding effective news translation。 This paper also probes into the application of translators’ subjectivity in selecting the proper strategies in news translation。 Thus the main purpose of this paper is to advocate translators to give full play to their subjectivity in news translation, and at the same time, to help readers have a better understanding about the intimate relations between Skopos theory and news translation from a new prospective。
Keywords: Skopos theory; translators’ subjectivity; news translation
摘 要 译者主体性即为作为主体的译者为实现在一定情景下特定的翻译目的而在翻译活动中施展出的能动性和创造性。在整个翻译活动中,译者不仅是翻译活动的策动者和行为者,而且具有许多不依赖于客体而存在的独立性。本文的主要研究任务是从“目的论”的视角来阐释译者主体性在新闻翻译中的体现，从而进一步证实将“目的论”原则应用于新闻翻译的可能性与可行性。根据目的论，任何行为都具有其目的性，翻译也不列外。在目的论原则下，翻译是一种基于原语文本的带有特定目的的行为活动，而在整个翻译过程中，翻译行为的目的是其最高准则。译者所采取的翻译策略应取决于译本的目的，而不是拘泥于原文。
从目的论原则的视角来看，在接受原文本和再创造译文的过程中,译者在其翻译目的的指导下，充分发挥主观能动性和创造性，从而在一定程度上凸显了译者的主体性。本文分别从以下两个方面探究译者主体性：一是选择和解读源语文本，二是对目的语文本的再创造。这种译者主体性在新闻翻译中的作用发挥得更加明显、更加全面和彻底。本文具体探讨了目的论的三大法则是如何积极地引导新闻翻译有效进行的以及译者主体性在选择合适的新闻翻译策略中的应用。因此，本文的主要研究目的是倡导译者在新闻翻译中采取恰当的翻译策略，充分发挥译者主体性，同时帮助读者从一个新的视角更好地认识目的论与新闻翻译之间的紧密关系。