3。1。2Ways to cultivate and stimulate learning motivation

Motivation is a driven force。 Language learners who have specific learning motivations are usually active in learning。 Otherwise, language learners are passive in language learning and can not achieve good results。 Successful learners possess the following natures: an internal locus of control, positive attitudes toward learning, a need for achievement and intrinsic motivation。 Therefore, it is important to stimulate the learners’ motivations

The best way for learners to learn a second language is to make themselves fit in the environment associated with the target language。 If possible, we can go to the foreign country to experience local culture directly。 We can travel there, study there and live there for a while。 It is helpful to stimulate learning motivation。

Some people have the chance to go abroad while most people learn the second language by themselves and from teachers。 Teachers should provide more cultural products, books and materials for students and make the most of the multimedia equipment to create a learning atmosphere。 And teachers can encourage learners to make friends with local people and communicate with them。 During the process of teaching, teachers should create real situation for learners to practice。 Besides language teaching, teachers should also pay attention to the psychology of students, guide students to learn correctly, cultivate their interest and exercise their ability to think (Liu 26)。 

Generally speaking, language learners should maintain their interest in the process of learning a second language so that it can stimulate their motivations。 As learners’ strong motivations promote their learning, their learning process or achievements will in return improve their language learning motivations further。

3。2Personality

Personality is a subjective factor included in the emotional factors。 Therefore, it is important to make different learning strategies for different people rather than make only one learning strategy for all people。

3。2。1The definition of personality and its influence

Personality is a series of inpidual differences which are influenced by the development of an inpidual values, attitudes, personal memories, social relationships, habits, and skills。 Personality refers to inpidual differences in patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving。 Any person is a man with marked inpiduality。

Krashen holds that learners’ personality traits are closely related to the effectiveness of foreign language learning (Krashen 68)。 Educational psychology pides learners' personality into extroversion and introversion。 Different personalities make different impacts on learning。 Most people think that an outgoing person is good at second language acquisition while an introverted person is weak at it。 In fact, most researches show that people having different characters usually have different learning strategies to deal with their learning tasks。 Extroverted learners are good at talking and reacting。 They can get more chances to input and practice。 But extroverted learners usually ignore the formation of language。 So it is easy to cause the knowledge in chaos and lack the depth of understanding。 Introverted learners may be better at using their quiet personality to analyze the formation of knowledge and get deep understanding。 Also, these learners are adept at using the reasoning strategy。 Everything has two sides, both advantages and disadvantages。 Introverted learners have their disadvantages。 In some class activities, their senses of participation are weak。 It seems that they have fewer chances to practice because most of them are very shy。文献综述

Regardless of extroverted people and introverted people, self-confidence is another important factor, which profoundly influences the performances of learners。 Students who lack confidence are usually reluctant to express their ideas in public。 So it can not make sure whether the knowledge they master is true or false。 They may also be afraid of showing their fault in front of many people and they want to show their best side。 If their confidence is defeated, most of them may choose to give up learning。 To confident people, they rarely give up doing something。 When their achievements are acknowledged by surrounding people, they will devote more time to improving themselves。