3。2。2 Offering the information which the speaker or the writer has omitted

Sometimes, the speaker or the writer may omit some significant information which   he or she should have referred to。 But if we isolate the information, we may be confused by the information。 For example, “We have many branches all over the world。” What does “branches” refer to? If we say “Our company is developing fast enough and we have many branches in the world,” the first sentence offers the information----the branches of our company。 Another example is when we isolate the sentence “Nodding the head means NO not YES”, maybe we will be surprised。 Why is it so? But in the passage “Not all body language means the same thing in different countries。 Take „nodding the head‟ for example, in some Asian countries it means NO not YES。” The sentence is more obvious if we are given more information which is left out。

3。3 Definition of pragmatic communication

With respect to the use of language, there is a gap between knowing what an utterance means and understanding all that a speaker intends to convey by speaking it out in a given

occasion。 Communicating and understanding involves more than mere  linguistic encoding and decoding。 Understanding an utterance involves more than simply knowing the language。 Regarding the use of foreign language, the users should be able to not only produce the target language correctly, but also use it appropriately。 Given that accuracy can be judged without much consideration of the context and culture, appropriateness is nonetheless context-specific and culture-bound。 Appropriate linguistic performance means “socially and culturally acceptable by target language community。”

Communication is a dynamic, systemic process in which meanings are created and reflected in human interaction with symbols。 Here are its three characteristics: (1) Communication is a two-way process。 (2) Communication involves exchanges of ideas, feelings, information, thoughts and knowledge。 (3)Communication involves mutual understanding between the speaker and the hearer。