2。 Literature Review

In Li Sa’ thesis On E-C Translation Strategies of Sitcom from the Perspective of Funcctional Equivalence Theory--A Case Study of Modern Family, he presents and elaborates eight main translation strategies。 These translation strategies are imitation, transfer, annotation, deduction, expansion, paraphrase, use of proverbs and idioms and transcription。 In the process of analyzing eight translation strategies used in subtitle translation, he focuses on the equivalence at lexical level and syntactic level。 So my thesis analyzes the subtitle translation of 2 Broke Girls from the vocabulary equivalence, syntactic equivalence。 When studying the subtitle transalation of 2 Broke Girls, I discovered that the translation occasionally achieve functional equivalence at rhetorical level, so I decided to analyze the subtitle translation of 2 Broke Girls from the three levels mentioned above。文献综述

Film and television translation originated in the West and the European scholars contributed most in the field。 Istvan Fodor is a milestone in early European studies of film translation。 He published a monograph in 1976 FilmDubbing:Phonetic, Semiotic,  Esthetic, and Psychological Aspects laid the foundation for the study of film translation theory。For the first time he studied phonetic transcription from a number of perspectives, such as semiotics, linguistics, and aesthetics。 He insisted that the video should be synonymous with “sound synchronization”, “character synchronization” and “content synchronization”。 (Fodor 82)

Gentzler has claimed that “The two most important shifts in theoretical developments in translation theory over past two decades have been (1) the shift from source-textoritented theories to targrt-text oritented theories and (2) the shift to include cultural factors as well as linguistic elements in the translation training models。 Those advocating Functionalist approaches have been pioneers in both areas。” (Gentzler 70) in Contemporary Translation Theories。 He also believes that functionalist translation theories conceive of translation as an action carried out by a person who has a specific communication goal, which Reiss and Vermeer refer to as the text’s Skopos (Greek for “the intent, the goal, and the function”)。 Because the appropriateness of the form of communication always relates to the accomplishment of the intended goal, the target culture takes on crucial importance。 In comparison  to other translation  theorists, the functionalist  theorists have  done  the most    to empower translator, elevating them to equal status with authors, editors,  and clients, entrusting them to make appropriate, rational decisions that best realize the intended cross-cultural communication。